TY - JOUR AU - Suwantawakup, Sudarat - AU - Yimjaraen, Poungyupa AU - Downhampae, Kwanchanok PY - 2018/08/03 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Effects of Warm Compresses on School-Age Children’s Perception of Pain during Venipuncture JF - The Journal of Thailand Nursing and Midwifery Council JA - J Thai Nurse midwife Counc VL - 33 IS - 2 SE - Research Articles DO - UR - https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TJONC/article/view/122649 SP - 59-69 AB - <p>Abstract<br>Objective: To compare school-age children’s perception of pain during venipuncture<br>with and without warm compresses.<br>Design: Two-group experimental research with a pre-test and a post-test.<br>Procedure: The sample was school-age children (6-15 years) treated in the paediatric<br>surgical ward at Siriraj Hospital. The children, who were required to have venipuncture<br>prior to their scheduled surgery, displayed no disease-induced pain. They were selected<br>based on the inclusion criteria and, by means of simple random sampling (lot drawing),<br>divided into an experimental group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). Each<br>experimental group member received a warm compress above the venipuncture site and<br>on the occiput from before to after the venipuncture, a total of 4-5 minutes. The control<br>group, on the other hand, underwent standard venipuncture. The venipuncture was carried<br>out solely by the researcher’s assistant. Data were collected using a self-report scale<br>for facial expression of pain, which was completed before and after the venipuncture,<br>and a form measuring each participant’s satisfaction with the pain-reducing warm compress.<br>The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Mann Whitney U test.<br>Results: The experimental group’s score on the level of pain after the experiment<br>(mean = 2.45, SD = 2.81) was lower than that of the control group (mean 3.57, SD =<br>2.87). The difference between the two groups was statistically signifcant (Z = -2.338,<br>p = .019).<br>Recommendations: It is suggested that nurses adopt warm compresses to reduce<br>school-age children’s pain during venipuncture.</p> ER -