Nursing Journal CMU

Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sleep Quality Among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2024-07-01T15:53:51+07:00

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition which is prevalent worldwide. Sleep quality and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can impact the health outcomes and quality of life of individuals with T2DM. This descriptive study aimed to explore the risk of OSA and sleep quality, and to investigate the differences in sleep quality among T2DM individuals with different OSA risks. The participants consisted of 384 individuals with T2DM from two tertiary hospitals in Jinghong City, Yunnan Province, China. The Chinese Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (CPSQI) and the Chinese STOP-BANG questionnaire (CSBQ) were used to measure the sleep quality and risk of OSA, respectively. The reliability of CPSQI and CSBQ were 0.88 and 0.95, respectively. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used for data analysis.

The results indicated that among the participants with T2DM, 33.85% were at low risk, 34.64% were at intermediate risk, and 31.51% were at high risk for OSA. The mean global score for PSQI was 7.71 (SD 4.40). About 50.78% of the participants had poor sleep quality. Furthermore, sleep quality significantly differed at each risk level of OSA among individuals with T2DM (p < .001).

Healthcare professionals should consider assessing and managing sleep-related issues as an integral part of T2DM care. Future research should focus on developing effective interventions to improve sleep quality and reduce the risk of OSA in this population.

Medication Adherence and Barriers Among Persons with Chronic Rhinosinusitis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University

2024-06-17T16:18:34+07:00

Medication adherence is vital for controlling symptoms and preventing complications of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate medication adherence and barriers to medication adherence among persons with CRS. Purposive sampling was used to select 259 participants who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, the People’s Republic of China. The research instruments included the demographic data form developed by the researchers, the 12-item Medication Adherence Scale (MAS) developed by Ueno et al., and the Adherence Barriers Questionnaire (ABQ) developed by Müller et al. The MAS and the ABQ were translated into Chinese by the researcher, and were tested for their reliability, yielding Cronbach’s alphas of 0.78 and 0.82, respectively.Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data.

The results revealed:
1. Participants had high medication adherence (M = 48.97, SD = 5.25); and
2. Intentional adherence barriers among the participants in this study included the belief that all medications were poisons (M = 3.33, SD = 0.75), being unsure of the need for medication (M = 3.26, SD = 0.68), and access to healthcare barriers (M = 3.15, SD = 0.66). Unintentional adherence barriers were feeling discouraged or depressed (M = 3.23, SD = 0.70), forgetfulness (M = 3.12, SD = 0.73), and not receiving required help (M = 2.59, SD = 0.94). Additionally, medication-related barriers included stopping or decreasing medications due to side effects (M = 3.23, SD = 0.59), being afraid of side effects (M = 3.22, SD = 0.66), and problems with taking medications (M = 3.19, SD = 0.68). A healthcare system barrier was participants’ co-payments (M = 3.25, SD = 0.69).

The results of this study provide valuable insights into medication adherence and its barriers among Chinese individuals with CRS. Healthcare providers can employ these findings to develop targeted strategies, such as education programs to address negative beliefs about medication, simplified medication schedules to combat forgetfulness, and financial assistance programs to reduce financial burden.

Factors Related to Health-related Quality of Life Among Critical Illness Survivors, Sichuan Province, the People's Republic of China: A Cross-sectional Study

2024-07-08T14:30:27+07:00

Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) affected by critical illness and ICU treatment, of those who have moved out of an intensive care unit. The sequela of critical illness contributes to Activity of Daily Living (ADL) problems, anxiety, and depression. This descriptive correlational study explored the relationship of HRQOL with ADL, anxiety, and depression among critically ill survivors in Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Sichuan Province, the People’s Republic of China. The participants included 85 critical illness survivors. Research instruments included the demographic data of participants, and Chinese versions of the Short Form 36-item Health Status survey (SF-36), the Katz ADL scale, and the Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) Scale. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the SF-36 was 0.98, 0.97, 0.99, 0.91, 0.96, 0.88, 0.87, and 0.91 for the physical function, role physical, role emotion, social function, bodily pain, vitality, mental health, and general health dimensions, respectively. For the Chinese version of the Hospital Anxiety Depression (HAD) Scale, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for anxiety and depression were 0.84 and 0.83, respectively. The one-week test-retest reliability for the Katz ADL was 1.00. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank correlation, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used in this study.

The study results showed that bodily pain received the highest HRQOL score in all dimensions among critical illness survivors (M = 91.54, SD = 16.80). The lowest average rating was for the general health dimension (M = 70.86, SD = 16.06). Role emotion, mental health, social function, physical role, physical function, and vitality were at the moderate average rating and were gradually declining, at 87.50, 86.22, 85.70, 80.10, 78.02, and 77.74, respectively. Most participants had ADL independence (n = 67, 78.80%). In addition, most participants showed no anxiety (n = 76, 89.50%) or depression (n = 75, 88.20%). Anxiety had a slight relationship with HRQOL in physical function and physical role (r = -.214, -.213, p < 0.05), a moderate relationship with general health (r = -. 454, p < 0.01), and a strong relationship with role emotion, social function, vitality, and mental health (r = -.514 to -.724, p < 0.01). In addition, depression had a moderate to strong negative relationship with HRQOL in seven dimensions except for the bodily pain dimension (r = -.478 to -.685, P < 0.01).

The results of this study provide evidence supporting strategies to enhance HRQOL among survivors of critical illness in Chengdu, Sichuan province. These strategies focus on improving activities of daily living as well as reducing anxiety and depression among this population.

Resilience and Quality of Work Life of Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals, Guizhou Province, the People’s Republic of China

2024-01-30T15:37:09+07:00

Resilience has a positive impact on nurses. High resilience can help nurses better deal with stressful situations, produce better quality nursing care, and better balance work and family life. This descriptive correlational study aimed to explore nurses’ resilience and quality of work life, and to investigate the relationships between the two. The participant included 361 nurses working in two tertiary hospitals in Guizhou Province, the People’s Republic of China. Research instruments consisted of the Connor Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC) and the Work-Related Quality of Life scale (WRQoL). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to test the reliabilities of the two questionnaires, which were 0.88 and 0.95. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s rank-order correlation test.

The study found that the level of resilience as perceived by nurses was low (M = 64.6, SD = 14.31) while their perceived level of quality of work life was average (M = 80.43, SD = 11.63). Moreover, there was a strong positive association between their resilience and quality of work life (rs = .69, p < .01).

The results of this study suggest that nursing administrators should improve resilience of nurses by implementing proper strategies so that they can have a better quality of work life.

Authentic Leadership, Work Engagement, and Job Stress Among Dental Nurses in Stomatological Hospitals, Guizhou Province, the People’s Republic of China

2024-07-30T10:39:33+07:00

Most dental nurses are under a great deal of job stress, yet increased job stress can lead to adverse consequences for health care systems, for example, reducing creativity, generating conflicts in the workplace, and causing job dissatisfaction and health problems among dental nurses. Therefore, reducing job stress among this group is a top priority for nursing administrators. This descriptive correlational study aimed to examine the level of job stress, and the relationships between authentic leadership, work engagement, and job stress among dental nurses in Guizhou province, the People’s Republic of China. The sample included 198 dental nurses from three stomatological hospitals selected using stratified random sampling. The Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ), 9-Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), and the Job Stress Questionnaire (JSQ) were applied, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.98, 0.98, and 0.94, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s rank-order correlation, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The results of this study showed that:
1. Dental nurses’ overall job stress (M = 3.00, SD = 0.53), the dimension of workload (M = 3.14, SD = 0.77), and role conflict (M = 2.42, SD = 0.85) were at moderate levels, while role ambiguity (M = 2.28, SD = 0.91) and utilization of skills (M = 2.22, SD = 0.82) were at low levels.
2. Authentic leadership and work engagement had weak negative correlations with job stress (r_s= -.22, p < .01; r = -.21, p < .01, respectively).

Nursing administrators should create strategies for improving the authentic leadership of head nurses and the work engagement of dental nurses to help reduce their job stress. As the relationships between authentic leadership, work engagement, and job stress were not strong, further studies need to be done to explore other factors influencing job stress to find more appropriate strategies in order to help lessen dental nurses’ job stress.