Journal of Nursing and Public Health Research

[RETRACTED ARTICLE] Factors Related to COVID-19 Booster Vaccine Decision-Making Behavior After the Cancellation of the COVID-19 Emergency Among International Communicable Disease Control Checkpoints Workers in Chiang Rai Province

Nuttapol Chaihan — 2024-09-10

The journal has withdrawn this article due to identified ethical concerns in the research.

The objective of this correlation study was to investigate factors associated with COVID19 booster vaccine decision-making behavior following the termination of the COVID-19 emergency among immigration screening workers at the point of entry in Chiang Rai Province. The sample consisted of 135 immigration screening officers stationed at international communicable disease control checkpoints in Chiang Rai Province, selected by simple random sampling. Data collection tools included a personal information recording form, a questionnaire on perceptions of the severity of COVID-19 disease, a questionnaire on perceptions of the risk of COVID-19 disease, a questionnaire on confidence in the outcomes of practice, a self-efficacy confidence questionnaire, and the COVID-19 vaccine decision-making behavior questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficients.

The results showed that the COVID-19 risk perception score was at a high level, while the perceived severity of COVID-19 disease 19, confidence in the outcomes of self- care practices, self-efficacy, and COVID-19 vaccine decision-making behavior were at a moderate level. Additionally, factors including the perceived severity of COVID-19 and the perceived risk of COVID-19 had a moderate positive correlation with COVID-19 vaccine decision-making behavior (r = 0.32 and 0.41; p-value < 0.001, respectively). For the factors related to confidence in the outcomes of self-care practices and self-efficacy, there was a strong positive correlation with COVID-19 vaccine decision-making behavior (r = 0.74 and 0.70; p-value < 0.001, respectively). The results of this study can be used to develop models to motivate disease prevention behavior for COVID-19 by enhancing individuals' awareness of the severity and risk of COVID-19 and fostering confidence in the outcomes of self-care practices, leading to booster vaccine uptake after the termination of the emergency status.

Evaluation of the Value of Implementing Area Health Advocacy in the Coronavirus-2019 Surveillance Areas of Health Region 10

Pawena Limpiteeprakan — 2024-09-18

The objective of this descriptive study was to evaluation of the value of implementing area health advocacy in the Coronavirus-2019 surveillance areas of Health Region 10. Partiticipants included 2,444 key leaders of the health charter team in Health Region 10, which consisted of the provinces of Ubon Ratchathani, Amnat Charoen, Si Sa Ket, Yasothon, and Mukdahan. The data collection tools used included a questionnaire to assess awareness levels, a questionnaire on participation, and a questionnaire on the outcomes of the health charter implementation. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

The results showed that participants had a high level of awareness that the spread of the coronavirus-2019 pandemic was a problem that required everyone to cooperate in addressing (Mean = 4.37, S.D. = 0.69). Participation was also high in terms of engaging in community discussions to analyze problems, listen to public opinions and needs, and inspire efforts to monitor the spread of the coronavirus-2019 pandemic in the area (Mean = 3.93, S.D. = 0.85). Additionally, the outcomes of implementing the health charter were rated highly, with participants agreeing that the charter enabled people infected with the coronavirus-2019 to receive timely treatment at state health services (Mean = 4.21, S.D. = 0.76). In conclusion, the health charter, as a form of public policy developed by the community, helped reduce the spread of the coronavirus-2019 pandemic in Health Region 10.

Effectiveness of a Motivational Interviewing Program for Changing Self-Care Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Panatda Chaima — 2024-09-19

The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to compare self-care behavior scores and cumulative blood sugar values of diabetic patients before and after receiving a motivational interviewing program for self-care behavior modification. Participants, selected through purposive sampling, consisted of 30 patients with diabetes and receiving services at the Diabetes Clinic, Ban Kha Chao Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital. The research instrument included a motivational interviewing program for self-care behavior modification in diabetic patients, developed by the researcher. Data collection tools included a general information record form and a self-care behavior questionnaire for diabetic patients. General data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A comparison of self-care behavior levels and cumulative blood sugar levels of diabetic patients before and after receiving the program was conducted using the dependent t-test.

The results found that after participating in the program, participants had a higher mean score of overall self-care behavior (Mean = 3.50, S.D. = 0.21) than before participating in the program (Mean = 3.32, S.D. = 0.28), with a statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.001). Additionally, the mean cumulative blood sugar level of the participants after participating in the program (Mean = 7.23, S.D. = 0.64), lower than before participating in the program (Mean = 9.79, S.D. = 12.77), with a statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.001). This indicates that this motivational interviewing program is highly effective. Therefore, health care providers can apply this program to effectively promote self-care behavior modification and reduce cumulative blood sugar levels in diabetic patients within their operational areas.

Effects of a Self-Management Program via Application on Self-Management Behaviors and Activities of Daily Living among Patients with Congestive Heart Failure

Patchrin Intamoon — 2024-09-20

The objective of this quasi-experimental study was to examine the effectiveness of a self-management program delivered via an application on self-management behaviors and activities of daily living among patients with congestive heart failure. Forty-eight patients with congestive heart failure were randomly assigned to two groups: 24 in the experimental group and 24 in the control group. The research tool was a self-management program application for heart failure patients, developed by the researcher. Data collection instruments included a personal information questionnaire, a self-management behavior assessment, and an activities of daily living assessment. General data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The mean scores for self-management behavior and activities of daily living before and after the experiment in the experimental group were compared using the dependent t-test, while post-experiment comparisons between the experimental and control groups were made using the independent t-test.

The results showed that, after the experiment, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for self-management behaviors and ability to perform activities of daily living compared to before the experiment (p-value < 0.001). Additionally, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for self-management behaviors and ability to perform activities of daily living than the control group (p-value < 0.001). The study concludes that the self-management program delivered via the application effectively improves self-management behaviors and the ability to perform activities of daily living in patients with heart failure.

Health Literacy Affecting the Classification of Depression in Breast Cancer Patients

Rangsan Chaikham — 2024-10-21

The objective of this survey research was to investigate the impact of health literacy on the classification of depression in breast cancer patients. Participants consisted of 153 breast cancer patients receiving treatment at Chonburi Cancer Hospital, selected through simple random sampling based on specified criteria. The research instruments included personal information, a health literacy assessment for breast cancer patients with a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.98, and a depression assessment for breast cancer patients with a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.83. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and discriminant analysis.

The research results indicated that the participants had an overall mean health literacy score at a high level (Mean = 187.18, S.D. = 34.23). The majority of the participants (133 individuals, 86.90%) had very mild depression, followed by 16 individuals (10.50%) with moderate depression, and 4 individuals (2.60%) with severe depression, respectively. The mean scores for health literacy in accessing health information and services (Mean = 30.70, S.D. = 6.72), evaluating health information and services (Mean = 24.04, S.D. = 4.88), and communication and social support (Mean = 68.88, S.D. = 12.24) were able to significantly classify depression levels in breast cancer patients at 60.10%, with a statistical significance level of 0.05. The results of this study can be used by nurses and others healthcare providers to plan the development of programs or health promotion activities aimed at enhancing health literacy. This, in turn, serves as a preventive measure against depression and contributes to an improved quality of life for breast cancer patients.

The Outcomes of Care Services for the Elderly with Dependence Provided by the Long-Term Care Fund

Siranee Sihapark — 2024-10-24

This evaluation research aimed to examine the outcomes of care for the elderly with dependence under the Long-Term Care Fund for public health. Data were collected from 777 elderly respondents and 660 caregivers through surveys, participatory observations, in-depth interviews, group discussions, and relevant documents. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis and thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, McNemar test, and t-test.

The results showed that: 1) the majority of elderly individuals with long-term dependence under the Long-Term Care Fund for public health were predominantly homebound, with over half suffering from chronic illnesses. Specifically, 34.75% had hypertension, 22.52% had diabetes, and 24.07% had multiple chronic conditions. Meanwhile, in one out of every three families, caregivers experienced health problems, with 41% suffering from chronic illnesses and nearly 21% being elderly themselves; 2) the process of caring for elderly individuals with long-term dependence under the Long-Term Care Fund for public health was primarily driven by managers, caregivers, and care plans; and 3) the provision of care services for elderly individuals with long-term dependence under the Long-Term Care Fund for public health significantly improved the quality of life for caregivers and elderly individuals statistically at the 0.01 level. However, there was no significant difference in the level of dependence among elderly individuals receiving care from the Long-Term Care Fund for public health before and after the study. Therefore, dependence remained a significant issue for elderly individuals requiring the development of quality and standard long-term care services, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life for both elderly individuals and family caregivers in the community.

Quality of Life and Self-Esteem among Older Adults in Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province

Tithima Thasuwanain — 2024-10-29

The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to examine the levels of quality of life and self-esteem, as well as to investigate the relationship between quality of life and self-esteem among older adults in Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province. Participants consisted of 400 older adults residing in Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province, selected through simple random sampling. The data collection tools included a personal information record, the Thai version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief–Thai (WHOQOL-BREF-THAI), and a self-esteem questionnaire for older adults. General data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the relationship between quality of life and self-esteem was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

The results showed that the majority of the participants were female (56%), aged between 60-69 years (60.50%). The average overall quality of life was at a moderate level (Mean = 3.58, S.D. = 0.884), and the average level of self-esteem was also moderate (Mean = 2.51, S.D. = 1.04). It was found that the quality of life and self-esteem of participants had a statistically significant moderate positive correlation at the 0.01 level (r = 0.31, p-value < 0.001). The findings from this study can be used as baseline information for promoting the health of older adults, with an emphasis on enhancing self-esteem to improve quality of life.

Development of an Automatic Night-Illuminating Shoe Innovation Using a Design Thinking Process and Interdisciplinary Integration to Enhance Walking Confidence Perception among Older Adults in the Community

Rungnapha Khiewchaum — 2024-11-19

The objective of this research and development study was to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an automatic night-illuminating shoe innovation using a design thinking process on the walking confidence perception of older adults in the community. Participants consisted of 30 older adults from the community, selected by purposive sampling. The research tool included the automatic night-illuminating shoes for older adults in the community, developed by the researchers. The data collection tools were as follows: 1) the automatic illuminating shoes, 2) a walking confidence assessment form for night-time activities for older adults, 3) an innovation usability assessment form, and 4) a satisfaction assessment form for older adults. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a One Sample t-test.

The results revealed that after using the automatic night-illuminating shoe innovation, participants had a high mean walking confidence score during nighttime activities (Mean = 4.37, S.D. = 0.33), significantly higher than the standard criterion score (Mean = 3.50) (p-value < 0.001). The mean usability score for the automatic night-illuminating shoe innovation was also high (Mean = 4.34, S.D. = 0.40), significantly exceeding the standard criterion score (Mean = 3.50) (p-value < 0.001). Additionally, the mean satisfaction score of older adults regarding the use of the automatic night-illuminating shoes was high (Mean = 4.42, S.D. = 0.40), significantly above the high standard criterion score (Mean = 3.50) (p-value < 0.001). Therefore, the development of the prototype automatic night-illuminating shoes using a design thinking process successfully enhanced walking confidence among older adults in the community.

Age and Self-Care Behaviors for Maintaining Health Status in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparison Between Adults and Older Adults

Nannapath Saramad — 2024-11-22

This cross-sectional survey aimed to examine the effects of age and self-care behaviors on maintaining health status among adult and older patients with cardiovascular disease. It also compared the scores and proportions of self-care behaviors between these two groups. Secondary data were used, involving 401 participants diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. The research instrument was the 9-item Self-Care Maintenance subscale of the Self-Care of Coronary Heart Disease Index-Thai version (SC-CHDI-Thai), which had a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.80. Data analysis included comparing mean scores and appropriate self-care maintenance behaviors between adults and older adults using Independent t-tests, Chi-square tests, and Odds ratios.

The study found that patients with cardiovascular disease had an overall mean self-care maintenance score of 80.50 (S.D. = 14.57), indicating an appropriate level of self-care, with adults scoring significantly higher than older adults. Adults also demonstrated higher odds of engaging in specific self-care maintenance, including attending scheduled medical appointments (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.30–1.86), taking aspirin or anticoagulant medication (OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06–1.55), participating in physical activity (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05–1.52), adhering to prescribed medications without forgetting doses (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.19–1.71), and avoiding illness through preventive measures like flu vaccination and handwashing (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.20–1.74). The remaining self-care maintenance showed no significant differences between groups. These findings highlight the need to develop interventions for older adults that focus on improving self-care behaviors, including attending medical appointments, ensuring consistent medication adherence, promoting physical activity, increasing access to flu vaccines, and adopting preventive measures to avoid illness.

Effects of Pre-Practice Preparation Using Simulation-Based Learning on the Self-Confidence in Knowledge, Practical Skills, and Attitudes of Second Year Nursing Students

Aunyapat Wiwatkamonchai — 2024-12-09

This quasi-experimental two group pretest-posttest design, aimed to compare the self-confidence in knowledge, practical skills, and attitudes of second-year nursing students who received pre-practice preparation for the course "Principles and Techniques of Nursing Practice" using simulation-based learning. Participants were 68 second-year nursing students from Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Chiang Mai, divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 34 students in each group selected through simple random sampling. The research tools included virtual simulation scenarios, while the data collection tool was a questionnaire to assess self-confidence in knowledge, practical skills, and attitudes toward practice. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests.

The study results revealed that after receiving preparation using simulation-based learning, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher self-confidence in knowledge (Mean = 3.93, S.D. = 0.66) compared to the control group (Mean = 3.37, S.D. = 0.69) (p-value < 0.001). Additionally, the experimental group exhibited significantly higher practical skills (Mean = 3.94, S.D. = 0.66) than the control group (Mean = 3.34, S.D. = 0.77) (p-value < 0.001). In terms of attitudes, there was no statistically significant difference between the control and experimental groups. However, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher confidence in their attitudes (Mean = 3.70, S.D. = 0.59) after preparation using virtual simulation-based learning compared to before the intervention (p-value < 0.01). These findings indicate that simulation-based learning enhances nursing students’ confidence in knowledge, practical skills, and attitudes. Therefore, this approach can serve as a guideline for effective nursing education in the future.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Risk Behaviors towards HIV Infection Among Students at Ubon Ratchathani University

Suphakorn Yuenyang — 2024-12-09

The objectives of this descriptive research were to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors towards HIV infection, as well as the personal factors associated with knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors for HIV infection among students at Ubon Ratchathani University. Participants were 375 students from Ubon Ratchathani University. The data collection tool was a questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors regarding HIV infection. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha, KR 20, and KR 21, with reliability coefficients of 0.70, 0.71, and 0.70, respectively. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Spearman’s Rank Correlation statistics.

The study results showed that the majority of the participants were female (50.10%). Their knowledge about HIV infection was at a moderate level (46.70%) (Mean = 8.81, S.D. = 2.90) Their attitudes were at a good level (59.20%) (Mean = 3.81, S.D. = 0.53), and their risk behaviors for HIV infection were at a low level (72%) (Mean = 2.39, S.D. = 1.68). Regarding factors influencing risk behaviors, income and underlying health conditions had a very weak positive correlation with risk behaviors at a statistically significant level of 0.05 (r = 0.17, r_s = 0.13, respectively). Gender had a very weak negative correlation with risk behaviors at a statistically significant level of 0.05 (r_s = -0.12). Marital status had a very weak positive correlation with knowledge and risk behaviors at a statistically significant level of 0.05 (r_s = 0.11, r_s = 0.24, respectively). Factors including age, faculty of study, and part-time employment showed no significant correlation with knowledge, attitudes, or risk behaviors related to HIV infection at the 0.05 significance level. The findings of this study can serve as foundational data for providing knowledge and guidance for monitoring and preventing the spread of HIV in educational institutions sustainably.

Evaluation of Management of Community Health Security Funds for Controlling Diabetes and Hypertension by Subdistrict Administration Organization, Northern Region

Srisuda Ngamkham — 2024-12-12

This exploratory sequential mixed-method study sought to assess how community health security funds (CHSFs) were managed for the diabetes and hypertension control and prevention project under the framework of the CIPP model. The quantitative phase aimed to evaluate the management capability of the CHSFs using an assessment form specifically designed for the management of diabetes and hypertension prevention and control projects. The study settings included 16 CHSF model areas in northern Thailand, with a sample of 73 CHSF committee members. The qualitative phase involved in-depth interviews with ten members of the target CHSF committees, while focus groups were conducted with ten participants, including health volunteers, using semi-structured questions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the quantitative data, while qualitative data were transcribed for content analysis, and triangulation was applied for validation.

The quantitative research findings revealed that two model-area settings were identified for A+ grade level, whereas 14 settings remained at A grade level. Qualitative phase denoted that: 1) Context: All units were ready in terms of management and administration of CHSFs; 2) Input factors: there was systematic management with the use of databases for planning public health services and ensuring continuity of care. Personnel were well-versed in the regulations governing fund management and budget utilization.; 3) Process: Community organizations and public participation raised awareness of health issues. Budget plans for continuous care were in place; 4) Outputs: There were effective referral systems and continuity of care. The management of model health security funds was efficient and served as a learning center; 5) Outcomes: Health expos and collaborative efforts among the public were key success factors. The research findings indicated that most CHSFs are capable and prepared to achieve the goals of the National Health Security Fund. Therefore, the success of transforming fund management into learning centers requires active public participation in health self-care using local wisdom to ensure sustainable health outcomes.

Factors Influencing Malaria Prevention Behaviours Among the Karen Ethnic Group in Tak Province

Watcharin Khamsa — 2024-12-12

This predictive correlational research aimed to study malaria prevention behaviors and the factors influencing such behaviors among the sample group of 207 Karen ethnic individuals residing in Tak Province, selected through multistage random sampling. Data were collected using an interview-based questionnaire, which included sections on demographic information, knowledge about malaria prevention, perceptions of malaria prevention, access to resources facilitating prevention, social support, and malaria prevention behaviors. Descriptive statistics were used for general data analysis, while stepwise multiple regression was employed to analyze the factors influencing malaria prevention behaviors.

The results revealed that malaria prevention behaviors and perceptions of malaria prevention were at a moderate level. Social support (ß = 0.22) and access to resources facilitating prevention (ß = 0.14) were identified as significant factors influencing malaria prevention behaviors among the sample group. These factors collectively explained 22.40% of the variance, with statistical significance (R² = 0.22, R²adj = 0.22, F = 7.33, p-value < 0.01). The results can be applied to develop guidelines for home visits and malaria prevention initiatives that incorporate social support and improve access to community resources, making them more accessible for Karen ethnic groups. Further qualitative research and the inclusion of diverse variables are recommended to generate new knowledge for addressing this issue more effectively in the future.

Factors Influencing Breastfeeding Behaviors Among First-Time Postpartum Mothers in Chiang Mai Province

Rapeepan Viboonwatthanakitt — 2024-12-13

This predictive research aimed to examine the factors influencing breastfeeding behavior among first-time postpartum mothers in Chiang Mai Province. The sample consisted of 100 first-time postpartum mothers from Chiang Mai. The research instruments included questionnaires on general information, health literacy, and breastfeeding behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The research findings revealed that educational level, the frequency of breastfeeding advice received, and health literacy were positively correlated with breastfeeding behavior (r = 0.23, r = 0.33, p-value < 0.05; and r = 0.52, p-value < 0.01, respectively). Among the factors predicting breastfeeding behavior in first-time postpartum mothers, the frequency of breastfeeding advice and health literacy together accounted for 33.80% of the variance (R² = 0.38, p-value < 0.01). Therefore, nurses and healthcare professionals should organize activities to enhance health literacy across all dimensions and establish a system for providing both individual and group breastfeeding advice at least twice, starting during pregnancy. Additionally, relevant factors should be incorporated into the development of breastfeeding promotion programs to support first-time postpartum mothers in achieving successful breastfeeding.

The Integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) Technologies in Nursing Simulation: Challenges for Nursing Education

Seubtrakul Tantalanukul — 2024-11-04

This academic article presents the integration of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies in nursing simulation. It specifically investigates the potential, challenges, and forthcoming developments associated with the utilization of these technologies in nursing education. The article discusses the fundamental principles of VR and AR, their use in nursing simulation, strategies for incorporating them into nursing curricula, impacts on leaning, limitations, current innovations, case studies, evaluation methods, and recommendations for implementation and future research. The study demonstrates that VR and AR possess significant potential for enhancing critical thinking skills, clinical decision-making abilities, and self-assurance among nursing students. However, there are still challenges regarding costs, instructor training, and ethical issues that need consideration. The article highlights that integrating VR and AR in nursing simulation has high potential to revolutionize teaching methods, but careful planning, continuous development, and in-depth research are necessary to maximize the benefits for nursing students' learning.