Journal of Research in Nursing-Midwifery and Health Sciences

Postpartum Mothers with Breast Engorgement: Prevention and Caring

2024-01-26T11:08:28+07:00

Introduction: Breast engorgement, a condition where milk production exceeds its removal after lactation is established, can affect mothers at any point during lactation, leading to discomfort. This discomfort may prompt mothers to cease breastfeeding in favor of formula feeding, even though understanding the superior benefits of breast milk for their infants. Addressing breast engorgement effectively is thus crucial. Therefore, it is very important. Midwives, who are the primary caregivers, need to have knowledge about milk production and lactation, factors related to breast engorgement, assessment, preventing breast engorgement and solving the problem of breast engorgement with massage, hot compress, and cold compress. It can relieve the mother’s discomfort contributing to promoting the opportunity for infants to receive continuous breast milk. Conclusion: Midwives have responsibility in protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding to gain deep understanding about breast engorgement. Therefore, it can be used as a solution to solve the breast engorgement problems of the postpartum mothers.

A Comparative Study of Complications and Pregnancy Outcome of Teenage Pregnancy: Case Study of a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Thailand

2023-09-01T09:04:52+07:00

Objective: To compare obstetrical complications related to pregnancy and childbirth between adolescent and adult mothers. Methods: This retrospective analytic cohort study focuses on pregnancy complications occurring during pregnancy and postpartum in adolescents and adult women in Hat Yai Hospital between 2016 and 2020. Data were analyzed including frequency, percentage, chi square, relative risk determination with a 95% confidence level and the difference in proportion was statistically significant at p-value < .05. Results: The study found that adolescent pregnancy (13-19 years) accounted for 9.4% of all deliveries (2,885 individuals). Obstetric complications were more prevalent among adolescents than adults, with statistically significant differences observed, including preterm birth (RR 1.47; 95% CI 1.31-1.47), premature rupture of membranes (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.02-1.40), and infections of genitourinary tract in pregnancy (RR 2.51; 95% CI 1.90-3.72). regarding infant outcomes, adolescents had significantly higher rates of certain complications than adults. These included low birth weight (RR 1.58; 95% CI 1.46-2.02), birth injury to the scalp (RR 1.45; 95% CI 1.18-1.94), childhood pneumonia (RR 1.50; 95% CI 1.06-1.80), small-for-gestational-age (RR 1.63; 95% CI 1.25-2.31), and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (RR 2.44; 95% CI 1.18-3.93). Conclusion: This study indicates that complications of teenage pregnancy are higher than in adults. The findings suggest that health personel should address solving methods and prevent complications in adolescents.

Development of Gratitude-Promoting Program for Enhancing Purpose in Life and Well-Being of Early Muslim Adolescents

2023-07-17T10:21:46+07:00

Objectives: To develop a gratitude-promoting program for enhancing purpose in the life and well-being of early Muslim adolescents. Method: The development was divided into 2 phases, which were, the component development phase and the feasibility testing phase. Results: The developed program called “The Gratitude-promoting Program for Enhancing Purpose in Life and Well-being of Early Muslim Adolescents” comprised two components: 1) the manual of gratitude-promoting for Early Muslim Adolescents and 2) the notebook “my personal journal records - the path to my dreams”. The program was divided into three stages.: 1) the preparation stage, 2) the implementing stage, which consists of three activities: 2.1) promoting five gratitude, 2.2) finding purpose in life and designing a life path, and 2.3) making promises and keeping promises. In addition, dialogue and reflection on learning in each activity were used, and 3) the evaluation stages. The activities in the program were conducted eight times for four weeks. The content validity of the program as evaluated by three experts found that the activities in the program were accurate and appropriate, and the mean of the index of consistency (IOC) was .97. The pre-testing with ten early Muslim students in Mathayom 2 confirmed that the program was easily understood and was able to be applied in their lives with the highest level (5 points). However, the students suggested that the language could be adjusted for a better understanding of each activity. Conclusion: The gratitude-promoting program that was developed, was appropriate for applying to early Muslim adolescents. Further experimental research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the programs in larger target subjects.

Post-Concussion Symptoms and Post-Traumatic Amnesia of Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

2023-08-21T15:01:32+07:00

Objectives: The purpose of this descriptive study was to compare the mean severity of post-concussion symptoms and to investigate post-traumatic amnesia in patients with mild traumatic brain injury in trauma wards at two tertiary care hospitals in Khon Kaen Province. Methods: Specifically, the symptoms in a sample of 166 patients were observed and monitored during specific time intervals, including the first 24 hours, the first week, the second week, and the fourth week after experiencing brain injury. There were three research instruments employed to collect the data, namely 1) a demographic record form, 2) the Rivermead Post-concussion Symptom Questionnaire (RPQ-3, RPQ-13), and 3) the Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test (GOAT). The collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Repeated Measures ANOVA. Results: The sample group had mean scores for the severity of post-concussion symptoms during the first 24 hours, the first week, the second week, and the fourth-week post traumatic brain injury, based on the RPQ-3 symptom groups had a statistically significant decline in the mean score of the symptom severity (p <.01), while the RPQ-13 symptom groups showed a statistically significant rise in the mean score of the symptom severity (p < .01). Nineteen of the patients, accounting for 11.40 percent, exhibited post-traumatic amnesia during the first 24 hours but did not show such a symptom in the later periods. Conclusion: The results of the study can be built on to plan symptom management, discharge, and information transfer to ensure continuous care, enabling patients with mild traumatic brain injury to return to normal life.

Complementary Therapies Used in Thai Muslim Patients with Heart Failure

2023-11-10T13:10:40+07:00

Objective: The purpose of this mixed methods study was to explore experience of complementary therapies used in Thai Muslim patients with heart failure who received services at the heart failure clinic, a hospital in southern Thailand. Methods: The sample were 121 cases selected by the purposive sampling method, had NYHA functional class I-III and experience of using complementary therapies at least 1 type for more than 3 months. Data were collected using the questionnaires 1) sociodemographic data 2) health information 3) use of the complementary therapies, and 4) open-ended questionnaire including purpose, effects and related factors of using complementary therapies. The tools were validated by three experts, the content validity indices (CVI)of part 2-4 questionnaires were 1, .93 and 1. The test - retest reliability of part 2 and part 3 questionnaires were .80 and .89 respectively. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method. Results: The results showed that Thai Muslim patients with heart failure used various types of complementary therapies; the most common used were biological-based therapies (56.20%), followed by mind-body interventions (33.90%), and manipulative and body - based methods (6.60%). Purposes of using complementary therapies were relieve physical symptoms, treat an illness, and promote health. Effects of using complementary therapies were reduced symptoms, peaceful mind and improved health. The factors of complementary therapies used were 1) belief 2) people close to them 3) health care needs and 4) social media. Conclusion: The results of this study provided a whole understanding about complementary therapies used in Thai Muslim patients with heart failure, which could be used as foundation knowledge for patient assessment, and can be extended to study the effectiveness of complementary therapies, congruence with the medical treatments as well as client’s lifestyle and context.

Relationship between Health Literacy and Self-Care Behavior in Preventing Infection of Patients with Hematologic Cancer under the Epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019

2023-12-06T09:06:35+07:00

Objectives: This research aimed to 1) describe the level of health literacy and the level of self-care behavior in preventing infection of patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) under the Epidemic of Coronavirus Disease - 2019 (COVID-19) and 2) examine the relationship between health literacy and self-care behavior in preventing infection of patients with HMs under Epidemic of COVID-19. Methods: Purposive sampling was used to recruit 245 patients with HMs at the Hematology and Cancer Clinic, a tertiary hospital between June to December 2021. The questionnaires were used in the study including: 1) the general information questionnaire; 2) the health literacy questionnaire among patients with HMs; and 3) the questionnaire on the self-care behavior for patients with HMs under the Epidemic of COVID-19. The instruments were validated for content validity by three experts. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to examine reliability of the 2nd and 3rd questionnaires, yielding values of .97 and .89, respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: the results showed that the mean score of health literacy (M = 196.36, SD = 22.26) and the median score of Self-care behavior in preventing infection (MD = 117.00, IQR = 12.50) were at a high level. Furthermore, the study showed that health literacy had a moderate positive correlation with self-care behavior in preventing infection of patients with HMs under the Epidemic of COVID-19 at a significant level (rs = .40, p < .01). Conclusion: The results of this research suggest that health literacy, specifically in communication and social support, could be used to design and develop programs to promote health literacy and self-care behaviors in preventing infection in patients with hematological cancer under other infectious emerging diseases.

The Effect of Self-Care Enhancing Program on Self-Care Behaviors of Persons with Major Depressive Disorders

2023-09-13T14:32:18+07:00

Object: To examine the effect of self-care enhancing program on self-care behaviors of patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was applied in persons with depressive disorder. Participants comprised 60 persons aged 18-59 years diagnosed with major depressive disorder. The participants were assigned into paired matching based on age, gender, and depressive symptoms score, and allocated to an experimental and a control group, 30 participants in each group. The experimental group received routine care plus the self-care enhancing program, and the control group received routine care only. Research instruments consisted of: 1) the self-care enhancing program based on a conceptual framework of Orem and a literature review related to self-care behaviors of patients with major depressive disorders, 2) a demographic data questionnaire, and 3) a self-care behaviors questionnaire. Instruments part 1 and 3 were validated by three experts. Reliability of instrument part 3 with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient, yields a value of. 89. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test. Results: The results showed that the mean score of self-care behaviors of experimental group after participating in the program was significantly higher than the mean score before participating in the program (t = 38.53, p < .001). Moreover, the mean score of self-care behaviors of the control group after participating in the routine care was significantly higher than the mean score before participating in the routine care (t = 4.05, p < .001). In addition, the mean score of self-care behaviors of the experimental group after participating in the program was significantly higher than that the mean score of the routine care (t = 38.04, p < .001). Conclusion: The results of the self-care enhancing program could increase self-care behaviors among patients with major depressive disorder. Therefore, nurses should implement the program among patients with major depressive disorder in hospitals.

Prediction Maternal and infants Risk Factors for Referral to Newborn Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): Case Study of a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Thailand

2023-12-26T14:18:54+07:00

Objective: To identify the risk factors of mothers and infants for refer in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in the Hat Yai Hospital, Songkhla Province. Methods: Sample is the cohort of pregnant women who delivered at Hat Yai Hospital, Songkhla Province, over a 10-year period (2011-2020), totaling 6,503 individuals. The cohort was divided into two groups: newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and newborns not admitted to the NICU. Data were collected on maternal complications occurring during pregnancy until after childbirth. Analyze the data using frequencies, percentages, chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression analysis. Present the risk estimates with odds ratios (OR) at a 95% confidence level. Results: It was found that 26.31% of infants were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), and statistically significant differences in the odds of infants being admitted to the NICU were observed. Significant contributing factors from maternal variables include preeclampsia (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.38-2.10). Significant infant complications include low birth weight (OR = 24.14, 95% CI: 20.13-28.95), bacterial infection in the newborn (OR = 20.79, 95% CI: 15.24-28.36), preterm birth (OR = 3.50, 95% CI: 2.54-4.82), transient tachypnea of the newborn (OR = 15.64, 95% CI: 10.55-23.19), shoulder dystocia (OR = 64.63, 95% CI: 33.39-125.13), and small for gestational age (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.59-4.04). Conclusion: During 2011-2020, there has been an increase in infants being admitted to the NICU. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to reducing risk factors and preventing of these health issues, commencing from the maternal prenatal period.

Parents’ Expectations towards the Services of an Early Childhood Development Excellent Center

2023-12-06T14:45:01+07:00

Objective: To study the parents’ expectations, the association of demographic characteristics and parents’ expectations towards the services of an Early Childhood Development Excellent Center (ECDC). Methods: A descriptive study with a sample 83 parents. A questionnaire was used for collecting demographic characteristics, and parents’ expectations on services. The questionnaire had an Index of item-objective congruence (IOC) of .67-1.00. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient for overall expectations = .91. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, frequency, percentage, mean, mean deviation, standard deviation, and point biserial correlation coefficient. Results: The study showed that the sample were mothers 73.50%, mean age was 37.60 years (SD = 6.16). They have one child 85.50%, married 98.80%, and the mean duration of service was ten months (MD = 5.05). Overall expectations had a high mean score of 4.52 points. Each aspect had the mean score at a high level as well, including the quality of early childhood, care of personnel, and location management were 4.60, 4.51 and 4.42, respectively. Also, number of children and duration of service had a statistically significant negatively associated with parents’ expectations (rpb= -.307, p < .01 and rpb= -.187, p < .01), respectively. Conclusion: number of children and longer duration of service were associated with the parent’s expectations. Therefore, those involved should be aware of these factors in order to encourage Early Childhood Development Centers to provide services that meet parents’ expectations. This is to take care of the health and development of early childhood children so that they are ready for complete growth.