Siriraj Medical Journal

Efficacy and Safety of Topical 5% Azelaic Acid Solution Versus 2% Minoxidil Solution in the Treatment of Female Pattern Hair Loss

Kanchalit Thanomkitti — 2023-12-01

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of 5% azelaic acid solution in comparison with 2% minoxidil solution in the treatment of FPHL.

Materials and Methods: Twenty-six FPHL patients with Ludwig grade I or II were randomly treated with 5% azelaic acid solution or 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for 6 months. At baseline, 2, 4, and 6 months, hair density and hair shaft diameter were assessed at the targeted fixed area. At 6 months, patient and investigator assessments of hair growth were performed using a 7-point scale.

Results: Hair density and hair shaft diameter in the patients treated with 5% azelaic acid and 2% minoxidil solution were significantly increased compared to the baseline in all cases and visits (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in hair density and hair shaft diameter changes between both groups (P > 0.05). Both the investigator and patient assessments were comparable between both groups at 6 months. Pruritus was the major adverse effect reported in both groups, but only mild and all could be tolerated.

Conclusion: 5% Azelaic acid solution might be an effective treatment for FPHL, comparable with 2% minoxidil, and could be an alternative treatment for FPHL in minoxidil-allergic patients and pregnant women.

Efficacy of Pregabalin, Solifenacin, or Combination Therapy for Ureteral Stent Related Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nicholas Andrian Singgih — 2023-12-01

Objective: The Double-J (DJ) ureteral stent is essential in urology but can lead to Ureteral Stent-Related Symptoms (USRS), prompting research into various therapies to enhance patient comfort. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of pregabalin, solifenacin, or combined therapy on ureteral stent-related symptoms.

Materials and Methods: We conducted thorough searches in four databases, which included PubMed, Cochrane, EBSCO, and ProQuest. PRISMA Guideline 2020 was applied in this study. The risk of bias was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0.

Results: Ten studies consisting of 1477 participants were included in this study. Solifenacin monotherapy could significantly decrease total USSQ (mean difference (MD) -16.62; p=0.001), urinary symptoms (MD -9.16; p=0.002), and sexual matters (MD -0.81; p=0.002). Pregabalin monotherapy could significantly decrease pain (MD -7.29; p<0.00001). Compared to solifenacin monotherapy, combination therapy of pregabalin and solifenacin could significantly decrease total USSQ (MD -12.40; p <0.0001), urinary symptoms (MD -1.88; p=0.007), pain (MD -6.82; p<0.00001), sexual matters (MD -0.77; p <0.00001), and additional problems (MD -1.51; p=0.0007).

Conclusion: Combination therapy of pregabalin and solifenacin had the best advantages in lowering USRS, especially urinary symptoms, pain, sexual matters, and some other additional problems.

Assessing Low-Concentration Atropine in Myopia Progression: A Systematic Review

Stella Nathania — 2023-12-01

Objective: Low-concentration atropine (LCA) eye drop is used as a promising treatment for the management of myopia but its effectiveness has not been widely evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the efficacy of LCA eye drop for myopia progression.

Materials and Methods: This review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and a comprehensive literature search was performed on 3 online databases including PubMed, Cochrane, and ProQuest. The keywords used included ‘Low-concentration atropine eye drop’, ‘Atropine’, ‘Eye Drop’, ‘Myopia’, and their Mesh. All studies included were available in English and full-text format. Myopia progression rates were analyzed from all studies, and Rayyan, an online-based tool was used in the screening process.

Results: The results showed that 3 randomized control trials (RCT), 2 cohort studies, and 3 case reports with a total of 1389 participants were analyzed. The majority studies were conducted in Asia, while one RCT was performed in Australia. The participants ranged from 4-12 years old, while atropine eye drop concentrations used were 0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.125%, and 0.2%. All studies showed a slower progression rate of myopia in the atropine group compared to the control (-0.31 D vs. -0.90 D; -0.05 D vs. -1.05 D; -0.27 D vs. -0.81 D; -0.28 D vs. -0.54 D; -0.36 D vs. -0.90 D;−0.31 D vs. −0.76 D; -0.31 vs. -0.53 D; -0.38 D vs. -0.55 D) with P < 0.05.

Conclusion: LCA eye drop showed promising effects in slowing myopia progression. However, further investigation is needed, particularly in non-Asian countries.

ข้อสันนิษฐานสาเหตุตายโดยแพทย์ : ผลการะทบที่อาจเกิดขึ้นต่อแพทย์ผู้เขียนเอกสาร

วิสูตร ฟองศิริไพบูลย์ — 2003-12-01

No Abstract available

Lasik

พนิดา โกสียรักษ์วงศ์ — 2003-12-01

No Abstract available