Siriraj Medical Journal

Corrigendum to: Effectiveness of Ayurved Siriraj Prasa-Nam-Nom Recipe on Breast Milk Volume in Early Postpartum Women: A Randomized, Double- Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Pharuhas Chanprapaph — 2026-08-01

This Corrigendum relates to the following article: Chanprapaph P, Thippayacharoentam C, Iam-am A, Lumlerdkij N, Akarasereenont P, Laohapand T, Bangkha S, Kumleemak N, Piyophirapong S, Nimmannit A, Thippayacharoentam T. Effectiveness of Ayurved Siriraj Prasa-Nam-Nom Recipe on Breast Milk Volume in Early Postpartum Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- Controlled Trial. Siriraj Med J. 2022;74(1):11–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33192/Smj.2022.2

URL: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/sirirajmedj/article/view/255495

The author would like to correct the error in the publication of the original article¹and has informed the editor to correct as follows:

Content of Correction:
Incorrect Study design in the article:
between November 2010 and December 2012

Correct Study design:
between August 2012 and February 2014

Photobiomodulation for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review of Core Symptom Outcomes and Safety

Prakasit Wannapaschaiyong — 2026-08-01

Objective: Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a potential noninvasive intervention for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but pediatric evidence remains limited and fragmented. This scoping review aimed to map the current literature on PBM for children and adolescents with ASD, focusing on core symptom outcomes and safety.

Materials and Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to February 1, 2026. The searches identified 53 records, comprising 51 database records and 2 records from supplementary searching. After deduplication and screening, 8 reports representing 6 independent cohorts were included.

Results: The included studies involved children and adolescents aged 2 to 17 years, with sample sizes ranging from 21 to 46 participants. PBM modalities included transcranial photobiomodulation, low-level laser therapy, and laser acupuncture, with wavelengths ranging from 635 to 850 nm. Treatment schedules ranged from 8 sessions over 4 weeks to home-based treatment for up to 6 months. The reports described improvement in selected autism-related outcomes. Controlled studies reported greater improvements in autism severity, language, communication, and social interaction outcomes, including a between-group Childhood Autism Rating Scale difference of 7.23 points in one trial. No serious treatment-related adverse events were reported; however, safety monitoring and adverse-event ascertainment were incomplete and inconsistent.

Conclusion: PBM appears promising but remains investigational for children and adolescents with ASD. Further rigorous sham-controlled trials with standardized outcome measures and clearer safety reporting are needed.

The Refractive Legacy of Prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Refractive Errors and Ocular Biometry in Infants With and Without Retinopathy of Prematurity

Napat Booranapong — 2026-07-01

Objective: To compare the prevalence of refractive errors in children born prematurely with and without retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to identify potential factors contributing to heterogeneity.

Materials and Methods: Relevant literature was systematically searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL for studies available through January 2025. Studies were eligible if they used cross-sectional, cohort, or case-control designs and reported refractive outcomes among preterm children stratified by ROP status. Effect estimates were synthesized using random-effects models and expressed as pooled odds ratios and mean differences. Between-study variability was evaluated using Cochran’s Q statistic and the I² metric. Additional analyses included subgroup comparisons, meta-regression, and assessment of potential publication bias.

Results: Twelve studies were included. ROP was significantly associated with myopia (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.17–2.64; p = 0.01) and astigmatism (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.49–2.43; p < 0.001), but not hyperopia (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.64–1.47; p = 0.89). Strong associations were observed in upper-middle–income countries. Age significantly modified the ROP–myopia association (p = 0.002). Biometric analysis showed greater vitreous thickness in ROP children (mean difference, 0.16 mm; p = 0.04), while axial length, lens thickness, and anterior chamber depth were not significantly
different (all p > 0.4). No publication bias was detected.

Conclusions: ROP is associated with increased risks of myopia and astigmatism, with effects influenced by age and socioeconomic context. Vitreous thickness was the only biometric parameter significantly affected, suggesting a potential mechanism underlying refractive sequelae, although this requires further validation.

Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross- Sectional Study

Wichaya Brahmasakha na Sakolnagara — 2026-08-01

Objective: This study aimed to examine predictors of depressive symptoms among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 patients diagnosed with COPD, with dyspnea severity ranging from stage 0 to 3 according to the modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale. Participants were recruited from the pulmonary clinic and internal medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Thailand. The majority of participants were male (81.7%), with ages ranging from 28 to 87 years. Data were collected using demographic and standardized questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms, perceived stress to COVID-19, functional ability in activities of daily living, social support, coping strategies, duration of illness, and severe acute exacerbation. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used for data analysis.

Results: Overall, 24.8% of participants reported having depressive symptoms. The regression model explained 54.3% of the variance in depressive symptoms (R² = 0.543; F(8,193) = 28.7, p < 0.001). Three variables were identified as significant predictors: perceived stress related to COVID-19 (β = 0.41, p < 0.001), number of acute exacerbations in the previous year (β = 0.34, p < 0.001), and ability to perform activities of daily living (β = −0.15, p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Depressive symptoms among patients with COPD are influenced by a combination of disease-related clinical burdens, psychosocial stress, and functional limitations. Integrating routine screening for depressive symptoms along with interventions aimed at preventing exacerbations, reducing stress, and maintaining functional independence may improve mental health and overall well-being in this population.

Clinicopathological Features of Primary Mediastinal Large B-cell Lymphoma: A 5-Year Retrospective Study

Mana Muang-iam — 2026-06-01

Objective: To describe the clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) at Siriraj Hospital, Thailand.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included all patients diagnosed with PMBCL during 2020–2024. Clinical, pathological, treatment, and survival data were retrieved from medical records and pathology reports. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.

Results: PMBCL accounted for 37 of 74 mediastinal lymphoma cases (50%). Median age was 29 years (IQR: 22–32), with female predominance (62.2%). Presentations included cough (79.4%), dyspnea (74.3%), and SVC syndrome (51.4%). Pleural or pericardial effusion was found in 75.0%. Bulky disease (>10 cm) and elevated LDH were 75.7% and 91.4%, respectively. Histologically, sclerotic pattern and HRS-like cells were observed in 41.7% and 31.4%, respectively. All cases were CD20-positive; CD23 and CD30 were expressed in 65.5% and 80.6%, respectively. A non-GCB phenotype was identified in 64.5% by the Hans algorithm. DA-EPOCH-R was the most common first-line regimen (63.9%). At a median follow-up of 25 months, the 24-month OS and PFS rates were 80.1% and 66.8%, respectively.

Conclusion: This study provides the first characterization of PMBCL in a Thai cohort, showing frequent SVC syndrome and pleural or pericardial effusion at diagnosis. Given the overlapping features and complexity of differential diagnosis, comprehensive immunohistochemical workup was essential for accuracy. DA-EPOCH-R was the dominant first-line therapy, with 2-year outcomes comparable to the rituximab era. Prompt recognition, diagnostic expertise, and multidisciplinary management are critical for optimizing PMBCL outcomes.