EXERCISE AS AN ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE TOOL: SCIENTIFIC MECHANISMS
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Abstract
โรคความดันโลหิตสูง (hypertension) เป็นโรคทางระบบหัวใจและหลอดเลือด (cardiovascular diseases; CVD) ที่มีความบกพร่องของทั้งโครงสร้างและการทางานของหัวใจและหลอดเลือด การออกกำลังกายถือเป็นวิธีหนึ่งของการรักษาโรคความดันโลหิตสูงแบบไม่ใช้ยา (non-pharmacologic intervention) ที่ได้รับการยอมรับอย่างแพร่หลาย โดยแบ่งเป็นสองชนิดหลักๆ คือ การออกกำลังกายแบบแอโรบิก (aerobic exercise) และแบบใช้แรงต้าน (resistance exercise) แต่อย่างไรก็ตาม กลไก (mechanism) ที่อธิบายผลของการออกกำลังกายต่อการลดความดันโลหิตนี้ ยังไม่มีความชัดเจนและยังมีข้อขัดแย้งในบางประเด็น บทความนี้จึงมุ่งเน้นทบทวนงานวิจัยที่ศึกษากลไกที่อธิบายผลของการออกกาลังกายทั้งเฉียบพลันและการฝึกต่อร่างกายทั้งระดับระบบต่างๆจนถึงระดับโมเลกุล
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