THE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EXERCISE AT LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURES ON RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS

Main Article Content

Kanphatson Kerdkaew
Wannaporn Tongtako

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative between exercise at low and high temperatures on respiratory function in young adults with allergic rhinitis.

Methods
Thirteen adults with allergic rhinitis patients aged 24.0±4.6 years were randomized crossover design into two protocols; 1. 60 minutes of aerobic exercise at 60% Heart rate Reserve at low temperature (LX) and 2. 60 minutes of aerobic exercise at moderate intensity at high temperature (HX). The physiological, respiratory function, and nasal congestion variables were measured before and after exercise at 0, 15, and 30 min. Mixed model post hoc test were used to analyzed to compare the variables between before and after exercise and between protocols. Differences were considered to be significant at p<.05.


Results
The study findings indicate that immediate post-exercise, the LX and HX groups had significant increases in heart rate, rating of perceived exertion scores, FEF25-75%, MIP, and MEP when compared with before exercise (p<.05). Moreover, after exercise at 15 and 30 min in both temperatures, the subject experienced a decrease in nasal congestion when compared to before exercise (p.<05). After exercise at 30 min in high temperature, the HX group had an increase in FEV1 and FEV1/FVC when compared with exercise at low temperature (p<.05).


Conclusion
Adults with allergic rhinitis can perform moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at low and high temperatures by affecting respiratory function and reducing nasal congestion. However, in high temperatures can resulting in higher heart rates and rate of perceived exertion than low temperatures.

Article Details

How to Cite
Kerdkaew, K., & Tongtako, W. (2023). THE COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EXERCISE AT LOW AND HIGH TEMPERATURES ON RESPIRATORY FUNCTION IN YOUNG ADULTS WITH ALLERGIC RHINITIS. Journal of Sports Science and Health, 24(3), 42–61. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/spsc_journal/article/view/263629
Section
บทความวิจัย (Original Article)

References

American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) (2019). Exercising in Hot and Cold Environments. Available from: https://www.acsm.org/docs/default-source/files-for-resource-library/exercising-hot-cold-environments.pdf?sfvrsn=1b06c972_4

Assanasen, P., Baroody, F. M., Naureckas, E., & Naclerio, R. M. (2001). Hot, humid air increases cellular influx during the late-phase response to nasal challenge with antigen. Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 31(12), 1913–1922.

Baroody, F. M., Assanasen, P., Chung, J., & Naclerio, R. M. (2000). Hot, humid air partially inhibits the nasal response to allergen provocation. Archives of otolaryngology--head & neck surgery, 126(6), 749–754.

Black, L.I. & Benson, V. (2018). Tables of Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children: 2017 National Health Interview Survey. from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/SHS/tables.htm.

Blackwell, D.L. & Villarroel, M.A. (2018). Tables of Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Adults: 2017 National Health Interview Survey. from: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/SHS/tables.htm.

Chanta, A., Klaewsongkram, J., Mickleborough, T. D., & Tongtako, W. (2022). Effect of Hatha yoga training on rhinitis symptoms and cytokines in allergic rhinitis patients. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 40(2), 126–133.

Chen, Y. L., Chen, C. C., Hsia, P. Y., & Lin, S. K. (2013). Relationships of Borg's RPE 6-20 scale and heart rate in dynamic and static exercises among a sample of young Taiwanese men. Perceptual and motor skills, 117(3), 971–982.

Chiu, K. L., Hsieh, P. C., Wu, C. W., Tzeng, I. S., Wu, Y. K., & Lan, C. C. (2020). Exercise training increases respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory muscle weakness. Heart & lung : the journal of critical care, 49(5), 556–563.

Choukroun, M. L., Kays, C., & Varène, P. (1989). Effects of water temperature on pulmonary volumes in immersed human subjects. Respiration physiology, 75(3), 255–265.

Cunha, F. A., Farinatti, P., Jones, H., & Midgley, A. W. (2020). Postexercise hypotension and related hemodynamic responses to cycling under heat stress in untrained men with elevated blood pressure. European journal of applied physiology, 120(5), 1001–1013.

Desai, M. B., Gavrilova, T., Liu, J., Patel, S. A., Kartan, S., Greco, S. J., Capitle, E., & Rameshwar, P. (2013). Pollen-induced antigen presentation by mesenchymal stem cells and T cells from allergic rhinitis. Clinical & translational immunology, 2(10), e7.

Desrosiers, M., Baroody, F. M., Proud, D., Lichtenstein, L. M., Kagey-Sobotka, A., & Naclerio, R. M. (1997). Treatment with hot, humid air reduces the nasal response to allergen challenge. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology, 99(1 Pt 1), 77–86.

Fisher J. P. (2014). Autonomic control of the heart during exercise in humans: role of skeletal muscle afferents. Experimental physiology, 99(2), 300–305.

Gonçalves, C., Parraca, J. A., Bravo, J., Abreu, A., Pais, J., Raimundo, A., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2022). Influence of Two Exercise Programs on Heart Rate Variability, Body Temperature, Central Nervous System Fatigue, and Cortical Arousal after a Heart Attack. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(1), 199.

Hackett D. A. (2022). Acute impairment in respiratory muscle strength following a high-volume versus low-volume resistance exercise session. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 62(3), 395–403.

Hackett, D. A., Johnson, N. A., & Chow, C. M. (2012). High-volume resistance training session acutely diminishes respiratory muscle strength. Journal of sports science & medicine, 11(1), 26–30.

Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Military Nutrition Research; Marriott BM, editor. Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments: Applications for Military Personnel in Field Operations. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1993. 3, Physiological Responses to Exercise in the Heat. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK236240/

International Consensus Report on Diagnosis and Management of Rhinitis. International Rhinitis Management Working Group. Allergy 1994;49(19 Suppl):1-34.

Kennedy, M. D., & Faulhaber, M. (2018). Respiratory Function and Symptoms Post Cold Air Exercise in Female High and Low Ventilation Sport Athletes. Allergy, asthma & immunology research, 10(1), 43–51.

Kennedy, M. D., Lenz, E., Niedermeier, M., & Faulhaber, M. (2020). Are Respiratory Responses to Cold Air Exercise Different in Females Compared to Males? Implications for Exercise in Cold Air Environments. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(18), 6662.

Kurl, S., Laukkanen, J. A., Rauramaa, R., Lakka, T. A., Sivenius, J., & Salonen, J. T. (2001). Systolic blood pressure response to exercise stress test and risk of stroke. Stroke, 32(9), 2036–2041.

Mohammadizadeh, M. A., Ghanbarzadeh, M., Habibi, A., Shakeryan, S., & Nikbakht, M. (2013). The Effect of High Intensity Interval Exercise in High / Low Temperatures on Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction (EIB) in Trained Adolescent Males. Tanaffos, 12(3), 29–43.

Ophir, D., Elad, Y., Fink, A., Fishler, E., & Marshak, G. (1988). Effects of elevated intranasal temperature on subjective and objective findings in perennial rhinitis. The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology, 97(3 Pt 1), 259–263.

Oueslati, F., Berriri, A., Boone, J., & Ahmaidi, S. (2018). Respiratory muscle strength is decreased after maximal incremental exercise in trained runners and cyclists. Respiratory physiology & neurobiology, 248, 25–30.

Pichon, A., Roulaud, M., Denjean, A., & de Bisschop, C. (2005). Airway tone during exercise in healthy subjects: effects of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide. International journal of sports medicine, 26(5), 321–326.

Shea, M. G., Headley, S., Mullin, E. M., Brawner, C. A., Schilling, P., & Pack, Q. R. (2022). Comparison of Ratings of Perceived Exertion and Target Heart Rate-Based Exercise Prescription in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED PILOT STUDY. Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention, 42(5), 352–358.

Takeuchi, K., Naito, K., Sakurai, K., Saito, S., Komori, K., & Katoh, H. (2003). Effects of Environmental Temperature and Humidity on Nasal Resistance in Allergic Rhinitis Patients and Healthy Subjects. Nihon Bika Gakkai Kaishi (Japanese Journal of Rhinology), 42(4), 320-324.

Tipton, M. J., Kadinopoulos, P., de Sa, D. R., & Barwood, M. J. (2017). Changes in lung function during exercise are independently mediated by increases in deep body temperature. BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 3(1), e000210.

Tongtako, W., Klaewsongkram, J., Jaronsukwimal, N., Buranapraditkun, S., Mickleborough, T. D., & Suksom, D. (2012). The effect of acute exhaustive and moderate intensity exercises on nasal cytokine secretion and clinical symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 30(3), 185–192.

Tongtako, W., Klaewsongkram, J., Mickleborough, T. D., & Suksom, D. (2018). Effects of aerobic exercise and vitamin C supplementation on rhinitis symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 36(4), 222–231.

Vathanophas, V., Pattamakajonpong, P., Assanasen, P., & Suwanwech, T. (2021). The effect of steam inhalation on nasal obstruction in patients with allergic rhinitis. Asian Pacific journal of allergy and immunology, 39(4), 304–308.

Yamprasert, R., Chanvimalueng, W., Mukkasombut, N., & Itharat, A. (2020). Ginger extract versus Loratadine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a randomized controlled trial. BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 20(1), 119.