Correlation of extraction time with biological activities and stability test of crude Sahastara remedy

Abstract

Introduction: Sahastara remedy is a Thai traditional medicine used for analgesic and anti-inflammation in the musculoskeletalsystem. It is also a remedy which was published in Thailand National List of Essential Medicine in 2011.It is composed of twenty one plants. There is no report for quality control by testing pharmacology activityespecially, anti-inflammatory activity of this preparation. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the bestextraction time for being standardization analysis method of Sahastara remedy and also to study in stability test.

Method: Sahastara remedy was extracted with 95% ethanol in 6 different durations that they were Day 1, 3, 5, 7, 9and 11 respectively. All of extracts were tested for anti-inflammatory activity by examining nitric oxidereleasing inhibitory activity and determination of NO content by Griess reagent assay. Free radical scavengingactivity was also tested by DPPH radical assay. Total phenolic compound was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu.The day of extraction which showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity was used for studying onstability of Sahastara powder drug. The stability study by an accelerated condition (45 °C and 75% RH)of crude Sahastara remedy were studied by keeping in 6 different durations (Day 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120respectively). Then, Sahastara remedy was extracted and tested anti-inflammatory activity.

Results: The statistically analysis showed that anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities were notsignificantly different for extraction in different durations (p > 0.05). However, the extract at Day 3 showed thebest anti-inflammatory activity (IC50=17.22 ± 2.16 μg/ml) and the second of antioxidant activity by DPPHradical assay (EC₅₀ = 18.00 ± 3.47 μg/ml). The total phenolic content of the Day 3 extract was 31.51 ± 3.70mg GAE/g. The stability of pharmacology activity showed that anti-inflammatory activity at every day werenot significantly different when compared with Day 0 (p > 0.05).

Discussion and conclusion: The best duration for extraction of Sahastara remedy which was appropriate for quality control onand anti-inflammatory activity was three days. Sahastara remedy powder was stable in 2 years withanti-inflammatory activity.

Key words: Sahastara remedy, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Total phenolic content, Extraction time, Stability test