Effect of different risk factors on screening results for gestational diabetes

Abstract

Objective : To evaluate the effect of risk factors on the result of gestational diabetes screening

Material and methods : From August 1, 2004 to May 31, 2005 510 pregnant women who attended at antenatal clinic, Thammasat University hospital were recruited for screening of gestational diabetes (GDM). They have at least one risk factor with the gestational age between 24-28 weeks. The 50 gram glucose challenge test (GCT) was performed and the 100 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used as a definitive diagnostic tool.

Results : There were 510 pregnant women eligible for the study. They were screened for gestational diabetes by 50 gram GCT and the diagnosis was confirmed by 100 gram OGTT. The incidence of abnormal screening and GDM were 36.3 and 4.12%, respectively. The two most common risk factors were age of 30 years or more and the family history of DM (72.4, 37.5%, respectively) The only significant risk factor identified from this study was age ≥ 30 years (adjusted OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.04-3.15, p = 0.033)

Conclusion : The significant risk factor for developing abnormal results of 50 gram GCT that identified from this study was age of 30 years or more.