Nursing Journal of The Ministry of Public Health https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">วัตถุประสงค์</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></strong></span>วารสารพยาบาลกระทรวงสาธารณสุข จัดทำขึ้นเพื่อส่งเสริมและเผยแพร่ผลงานวิจัย และงานวิชาการด้านการพยาบาล ทุกสาขา งานด้านการแพทย์ และการสาธารณสุข</p> <p><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;"><span style="vertical-align: inherit;">ตั้งแต่ปี 2555 วารสารการพิมพ์ปีที่ 3 มกราคม - เมษายน, ฉบับที่ 2 พฤษภาคม - สิงหาคม, ฉบับที่ 3 กันยายน - ธันวาคม</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfrkjahiuyi_once" style="display: none;"> </div> <div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfruh7fewui_once" style="display: none;"> </div> <div id="__hggasdgjhsagd_once" style="display: none;"> </div> The Nurse Alumni Association of the Ministry of Public Health en-US Nursing Journal of The Ministry of Public Health 0857-3743 <p>บทความและรายงานวิจัยในวารสารพยาบาลกระทรวงสาธารณสุข เป็นความคิดเห็นของ ผู้เขียน มิใช่ของคณะผู้จัดทำ และมิใช่ความรับผิดชอบของสมาคมศิษย์เก่าพยาบาลกระทรวงสาธารณสุข ซึ่งสามารถนำไปอ้างอิงได้</p><div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfrkjahiuyi_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__if72ru4sdfsdfruh7fewui_once" style="display: none;"> </div><div id="__hggasdgjhsagd_once" style="display: none;"> </div> The Effects of a Group Psychoeducation Program on Depressive Symptoms and Self-Care Behaviors of Older Adults with Depressive Disorder https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272837 <p>Older adults with major depressive disorder need a psychoeducation promoting self -care behaviors. This quasi-experimental research design aims to investigate the effects of a group psychoeducation program on depressive symptoms and self-care behaviors among older adults with depressive disorder. The participants were 64 patients, age over 60, from the outpatient psychiatric clinic at the hospital in Ubonratchathani. These were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 32). The research instruments were the follo wing: 1) An applied program based on transformative model whose content was validated by three experts. 2) The depressive symptoms inventory for Thai older persons with depressive disorder. The reliability of this inventory was determined by a Cronbach ’s alpha coefficient of .93.<br>3) Self-care behavior assessment, which also analyzed precision Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .74. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics and multinomial analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of the research can be summarized as follows: The mean depressive symptoms scores and self-care behaviors of the older adults with depressive disorder in the experimental group on the posttest were different from the mean depressive scores and self -care behaviors on the pretest. After participating in a group psychoeducation program, the mean depressive scores and self-care behaviors were different from those mean scores of the control group receiving regular nursing care at a statistical significance level of .05. In conclusion, a group psychoeducation program can be used as an alternative nursing activity to reduce the depressive symptoms and increase the self-care behavior of older adults with depressive disorder.</p> Pitchayanika Chuakan Rangsiman Soonthornchaiya Sararud Vuthiarpa Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 1 12 Development of Food Application Knowledge for Hypertensive Patients https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272838 <p>&nbsp;Development of innovation enhancing people’ s food knowledge for hypertensive people is alternative strategy for changing consumption behaviors and for controlling hypertension. This research is a research and development study. The objectives are: 1) to develop a food knowledge application for patients with hypertension, 2) to compare knowledge before and after using the application, and 3) to assess user satisfaction with the application. The sample group consists of 130 patients with hypertension who received services at two sub- district health- promoting hospitals,undergoing four research phases: 1) needs assessment, 2) application design and development, 3)application usability testing, and 4) evaluation of application effectiveness. Research tools included surveys on application usage preferences, the developed nutritional education application, application quality assessment, nutritional knowledge evaluation, and user satisfaction assessment. Results revealed that the developed application contained comprehensive content covering the benefits of foods for hypertensive patients, hypertension- fighting foods, sodium and salt quantities in foods,recommended and restricted food types. Overall, the quality of the nutritional education application for hypertensive patients was rated as excellent ( Mean= 4. 65, SD= . 31) . Furthermore, statistically significant improvement in nutritional knowledge was observed after application usage ( p&lt;. 01) . Moreover, user satisfaction with the application was notably high (Mean=4.38, SD=.46), indicating a positive reception among the study sample.</p> Somluk Tepsuriyanont Amornrat Natason Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 13 25 Factors Related to Hopelessness of Family Caregivers of Patients with Stroke in Community https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272848 <p>Caring for stroke patients at home is the duty of family caregivers to care for the patient continuously every day. Caring for a stroke patient affects the physical and mental of family caregivers. This descriptive correlation research aimed to examine level of hopelessness and factors related to hopelessness in family caregivers of patients with stroke at community. The participants were 85 family caregivers of patients with stroke residing in communities by purposive sampling. Data were collected by interview between May 2023 to April 2024 and were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi- square test and Pearson Correlation. The results showed most family caregiver of stroke patients had a moderate level of hopelessness 58.8% and factors associated with hopelessness were stress (r=.28, p&lt;.01) length of time caring for the patient (r=-.23, p&lt;.05) self - esteem (r=-.27, p&lt;.05) and social support from family (r =-.27, p&lt;.05). The results of this study suggest that caretaker relatives should be taken care of by counseling and promoting self-worth and self-empowerment. To help prevent hopelessness that will occur in relatives who care for stroke patients in the future.</p> Nawarit Peerathawornwit Pavinee Pangsuk Chonlada Kingmala Suphawan Kimthong Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 26 39 Factors Related to Transitional Stress among the Relatives when Transferring Neuro-Critically Ill Patients from Intensive Care Units to General Wards https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272849 <p>Transferring neuro-critically ill patients from intensive care unit to general ward leads patients’ relatives to be stressful. This descriptive study described transitional stress and examined the relationship between perceived severity of illness, hope, caregiving preparedness, and quality of teaching with transitional stress among relatives during the transfer of neuro-critically ill patients from intensive care units to general wards. The sample were the relatives of neuro-critically ill patients who were treated at affiliated hospitals of Bangkok Hospital group. 84 participants were recruited by defining a collecting data period and selected samples following inclusion criteria. The research instruments included The Demographic Questionnaire, The Family Relocation Stress Scale, The Perceived Severity of Illness Scale. The Herth Hope Index, The Preparedness of Caregiving Scale, and The Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients. The result showed that the stress levels of relatives of neurological critically ill patients during patient transfers from the intensive care unit to general wards were low (M=34.69, SD=7.65). The perceived severity of illness was positively correlated with transitional stress (r=.22, p&lt;.05). Hope, caregiving preparedness, and quality of teaching were negatively correlated with transitional stress (r=-.44, p&lt; .001; r=-.63, p&lt;.001; r=-.36, p&lt;.01), respectively. The study suggests that nurses who caring for patients in critical care units should develop nursing interventions to continuously assess relatives' perceived severity of illness, develop guidelines for providing consistent caregiving information and support the relatives to maintain hope. Moreover, effective nursing intervention should promote the preparedness of the relatives for caregiving responsibilities through quality teaching and information provision while patients are treated in the critical care unit. To enhance their readiness of caregiver’s roles when patients are transferred out of critical care unit.</p> Asadangphon Monwan Niphawan Samartkit Khemaradee Masingboon Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 40 54 Development of the Nursing Model to Prevent Early Postpartum Hemorrhage, Somdet Phra Sangharaja 19 Hospital https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272851 <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Postpartum hemorrhage is a significant contributor to maternal mortality . This research and development study aimed to create and evaluate a nursing model to prevent early postpartum hemorrhage. The research was conducted in three phases: Phase 1 involved assessing the current situation, Phase 2 focused on developing the model, and Phase 3 evaluated the model's effectiveness .</p> <p>he study took place from November 2022 to September 2023, with a sample population that included: 1) 18 nurses, 2) 259 vaginal birth attendants, and 3 ) 152 medical records of birth attendants. The results were as follows: 1. Nursing model to prevent early postpartum hemorrhage: The KRIYA model, implemented at Somdet Phra Sangharaja 19 Hospital, includes 1.1) knowledge about nursing practices to prevent postpartum hemorrhage 1.2) risk assessment for postpartum hemorrhage 1.3) implementation of standard of nursing 1.4) yardstick of nursing manual, and 1.5) active management of the third stage of labour and alert to warning signs. 2. After implementing the model, the severity of one case of early postpartum hemorrhage (level E) was reduced compared to before its use. Overall, maternal satisfaction with delivery room nursing services was rated high. 3. Following the implementation of the model, nurses demonstrated significantly improved knowledge in preventing postpartum hemorrhage. Furthermore, their overall satisfaction with the nursing model was also rated highly. In conclusion, this research's findings indicate that the nursing model developed to prevent early postpartum hemorrhage can effectively address this critical issue in maternal health.</p> Chatchada Yenbamrung Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 55 67 Factors Predicting Postpartum Depression Among First – Time Mothers https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272852 <p>&nbsp;Postpartum&nbsp; depression&nbsp; is&nbsp; a significant mental&nbsp; health&nbsp; problem&nbsp; that impairs childcare capabilities. The&nbsp; predictive research aimed&nbsp; to&nbsp; assess the prevalence of&nbsp; postpartum depression and identify&nbsp; its&nbsp; influencing predictors among&nbsp; first- time&nbsp; mothers. Participants&nbsp; were&nbsp; 264&nbsp; first - time mothers, 4 to 6 weeks postpartum, who attended the check-up at four hospitals in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Participants were selected through multistage random sampling, and data were collected using self-report questionnaires from August to December 2023. The research instruments consisted of&nbsp; personal&nbsp; record&nbsp; form,&nbsp; maternal&nbsp; role&nbsp; attainment&nbsp; questionnaire,&nbsp; family&nbsp; support&nbsp; questionnaire, perception&nbsp; of&nbsp; childbirth&nbsp; experience&nbsp; questionnaire,&nbsp; and&nbsp; postpartum&nbsp; depression&nbsp; questionnaire. The reliabilities were .85, .96, .84 and .88 respectively. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were utilized to analyze the data. The results revealed that the prevalence of postpartum depression among first- time mothers was 23. 11%. Significant predictors of postpartum depression included a low level of family support (OR=4.19, 95%CI=2.00–8.75, p&lt;.001) and a negative perception of the childbirth experience (OR=3.25, 95%CI=1.65–6.40, p&lt;.001). Therefore, nurses or midwives should promote positive childbirth experiences and encourage their families in the care of postpartum women and newborns to reduce the risk of postpartum depression.</p> Sutida Suebanun Tatirat Tachasuksri Usa Chuahorm Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 68 81 Effects of a Perceived Self-efficacy Promoting Program on Health Behaviors, Stress, and Blood Sugar Level among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272853 <p>Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) causes complications in pregnant women and fetuses.</p> <p>herefore, controlling blood&nbsp; sugar&nbsp; levels is very important. This&nbsp; study&nbsp; was&nbsp; quasi- experimental research aimed to examine the effects of a perceived self-efficacy promoting (PSEP) program. The participants were composed of 42 GDM pregnant women at antenatal care of Phrapokklao hospital,Chanthaburi province. They were selected using match-paired sampling into two groups: controlled and experimental groups. Research instruments included a PSEP program; questionnaires assessing health behaviors and stress with a reliability of .77 and .95, respectively; and a form recording blood sugar level. During a period&nbsp; of&nbsp; experimentation, the&nbsp; experimental group participated in the PSEP program for 6&nbsp; weeks to support their mastery&nbsp; experiences and vicarious&nbsp; experiences using social persuasion to promote physiological and emotional states. Data were analyzed by t-tests to compare the differences in mean scores within groups and between two groups. The results found that the mean scores of health behavior of the experimental group after the program were significantly higher than those before the program and higher than those of the control group. It was also found that the mean score of stress of the experimental group after the program was significantly decreased, as well as lesser than that of the control group. In addition, the average blood sugar level in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Thus, this study indicates that the PSEP program can promote health behaviors in GDM pregnant women to reduce stress and control blood sugar levels. As a result, complications in GDM pregnant women and fetuses can be reduced.</p> Kritsanee Suwannarat Kannikar Ponngam Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 82 97 Relationship Between Health Belief Models and Oral Health Care Behaviors by Parents in Elementary Schools, Warinchamrab District, Ubon Ratchathani Province https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272854 <p>Oral care behaviors among preschool children rely on their parents’ health belief. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between health belief model and the oral health care behaviors of parents with preschool children in elementary schools under the jurisdiction of Ubon Ratchathani Primary Educational Service Area Office 4, Warinchamrab District, Ubon Ratchathani Province. The sample consisted of 303 parents of preschool children in elementary schools, selected through multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires that included personal characteristics, health belief model, and oral health care behaviors of parents. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi- square test, Fisher's exact test, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that the majority of caregivers were female (78.22%). The level of oral health care behaviors for preschool children among caregivers was moderate (Mean=2.10,SD= . 44) . Overall health belief model showed a weak positive correlation with oral health care behaviors at a statistically significant level ( rs= . 204, p&lt;. 01) . When considering individual components, perceived susceptibility (rs=.138, p=.02), perceived barriers (rs=.183, p=.01), and cues to action ( rs= . 115, p&lt;. 05) demonstrated weak positive associated with oral health care behaviors. However, significant correlations between perceived severity and perceived benefits with oral health care behaviors were not observed. Recommendations include that dental personnel and relevant organizations should encourage parents to take their children for dental check-ups every six months and increase activities promoting dental health among parents of preschool children in elementary schools.</p> Somporn Keawtong Sonsai Boonpunya Saowaluk Seedaket Niruwan Turnbull Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 98 113 Family Experience in Supporting Healthcare for the Elderly People Living Long Lives https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272855 <p>Family plays key role providing care for elderly. This qualitative study aimed to explore the life experiences and successes of elderly families who cared for their older members, enabling them to live beyond 100 years. The informants were a group of primary caregivers responsible for elderly people living long lives. Interviews with 10 primary caregivers in a community in Suphanburi province collected the&nbsp; data. The&nbsp; researcher&nbsp; used&nbsp; narrative&nbsp; interviews&nbsp; and&nbsp; conducted&nbsp; a&nbsp; qualitative&nbsp; content&nbsp; analysis. The findings revealed two main themes and five subthemes. Main Theme 1: Family success in caring for elderly people with longevity, comprising two subthemes: (1) acceptance from the elderly and (2) praise and appreciation from society and the community; Main Theme 2: Family participation in caring for elderly people with longevity, comprising three subthemes:&nbsp; ( 1) Family relationships ( 2) Family care practices for elderly individuals with longevity ( 3) Family learning and problem- solving strategies in caregiving. The results indicated that families caring for elderly individuals with longevity were the most important resource, providing essential support in all aspects to promote the well-being and health of the elderly. Mutual respect and acceptance between the elderly and their caregivers contributed to effective health care and extended life expectancy. Based on these findings, recommendations include developing a program to strengthen family involvement in caregiving to ensure appropriate health and quality of life for the elderly with longevity.</p> Umakorn Jaiyungyuen Akom Phosuwan Supaporn Voraroon Netiya Jamtim Chiraphun Phothong Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 114 126 Predictors of Healthy Food Consumption Behaviors Among the Elderly in Banpong, Ratchaburi https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272857 <p>Healthy food consumption depends on several factors. This predictive study aimed to identify factors&nbsp; that&nbsp; predict&nbsp; healthy&nbsp; food consumption&nbsp; behaviors&nbsp; among&nbsp; elderly&nbsp; individuals&nbsp; in&nbsp; Banpong District, Ratchaburi&nbsp; Province. A&nbsp; total&nbsp; of&nbsp; 396&nbsp; elderly&nbsp; participants&nbsp; were&nbsp; selected&nbsp; using&nbsp; multistage random&nbsp; sampling. The&nbsp; research&nbsp; tools&nbsp; included&nbsp; a&nbsp; structured&nbsp; interview questionnaire&nbsp; covering&nbsp; three sections: 1) demographic data, 2) predictors of healthy food consumption, and 3) healthy food consumption&nbsp; behaviors. The&nbsp; content&nbsp; validity&nbsp; values&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; questionnaires&nbsp; were . 67- 1. 00&nbsp; and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient .85 and .91. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Key predictors of healthy food consumption behaviors included attitudes towards food, , perception of information, and social support from medical personnel. Together, these factors explained 52. 90% of the variance in healthy food behaviors ( Adjusted R²= . 529, p&lt;. 01) . These&nbsp; findings&nbsp; provide valuable&nbsp; data&nbsp; for&nbsp; the&nbsp; development&nbsp; of&nbsp; healthcare&nbsp; plans aimed&nbsp; at&nbsp; promoting healthy food consumption behaviors among the elderly, potentially improving their quality of life and long-term health outcomes.</p> Sabaitip Cheuaiam Komwat Rungruang Danai Dussaruk Nuananong Srisuksai Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 127 138 Self-care Experiences of Teenagers with Post-Coronavirus 2019 Condition https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272858 <p>Post-infection&nbsp; illness&nbsp; caused&nbsp; by Coronavirus&nbsp; 2019 leads&nbsp; teenagers to change&nbsp; their&nbsp; health behaviors for staying healthy as previously. This descriptive qualitative research aimed to describe the&nbsp; self- care&nbsp; experiences&nbsp; of&nbsp; teenagers&nbsp; with&nbsp; post- coronavirus&nbsp; 2019&nbsp; conditions. Participants&nbsp; were purposefully selected based on specific criteria: adolescents diagnosed by a physician as having post-coronavirus&nbsp; 2019&nbsp; condition, experiencing&nbsp; these&nbsp; symptoms&nbsp; for&nbsp; at least&nbsp; four&nbsp; weeks,&nbsp; and&nbsp; having&nbsp; no other chronic illnesses. The research was conducted at two hospitals in Ubon Ratchathani Province. Data were collected through in- depth interviews and field notes, which were the primary tools used in&nbsp; this&nbsp; research. Thematic&nbsp; analysis&nbsp; was&nbsp; conducted&nbsp; concurrently&nbsp; with&nbsp; data&nbsp; collection&nbsp; until&nbsp; data saturation was reached, including a total of 7 participants, from February 2023 to May 2024. The study&nbsp; concluded&nbsp; that&nbsp; the&nbsp; self- care&nbsp; practices&nbsp; of&nbsp; adolescents&nbsp; who&nbsp; had&nbsp; been&nbsp; affected&nbsp; by&nbsp; the&nbsp; post-coronavirus 2019 condition evolved into chronic symptom management. The results were categorized into&nbsp; two&nbsp; main&nbsp; themes. The&nbsp; first&nbsp; theme, " Life&nbsp; facing&nbsp; the&nbsp; consequence&nbsp; of&nbsp; COVID- 19," included subthemes of changes in life and impact on emotional and mental well- being. The second theme, Finding ways to manage chronic symptoms," included subthemes of discovering health care methods and managing and&nbsp; coping&nbsp; with&nbsp; symptoms&nbsp; independently. These&nbsp; findings&nbsp; help&nbsp; pediatric&nbsp; nurses understand the specific self-care experiences of adolescents with post-coronavirus 2019 conditions. his evidence may be utilized to create nursing care guidelines for this group and provide insight for future research.</p> Panita Chantra Surasak Treenai Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 139 151 Influencing Factors of Post-Concussion Syndrome Intensity in Patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury During One Month after the Trauma https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272859 <p>Mild traumatic brain injuries can have a profound impact on a patient's quality of life . The purpose of this predictive descriptive research was to study factors influencing the intensity of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) 1 month after injury. Participants were 85 mTBI patients who were admitted to the neurological and trauma surgery ward in Chonburi Hospital . The research instruments included 1) the demographic and health status of patients with mild TBI record form, 2) the Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire, and 3) the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale. Data were collected through the Application Line Official Account. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression. The results revealed that sleep quality had the greatest influence&nbsp;on the intensity of PCS in mTBI patients 1 month after injury (β=-.55, p=.01), followed by the intensity of PCS at first admission (β=.29, p=.01). It was also found that gender, level of consciousness on first attendance at the emergency department, severity of PCS after the initial brain injury, and sleep quality&nbsp;could explain 54% of the variance in the intensity of PCS in mTBI patients 1 month after injury (adjusted R2=.54, p &lt;.001). In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that health care providers should be concerned about the importance of evaluating PCS continuously from the acute phase throughout one month&nbsp;in order to develop nursing intervention programs and effective treatment for preventing persistent PCS after traumatic brain injury.</p> Sutthiphong Panthong Niphawan Samartkit Patchanok Witheethamsak Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 152 163 Desirable Characteristics of Nursing Graduates for Private Health Service Systems https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272861 <p>The ongoing shortage of nurses in the public sector has led clients to increasingly seek private sector services. This qualitative study aimed to explore the desired competencies of nursing graduates working in the private healthcare settings. The participants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected by focus group discussions and in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guides. The study involved three groups of participants, including 11 head nurses, 11 practicing nurses, and 10 interdisciplinary healthcare professionals. Additionally, individual interviews were conducted with 2 hospital executives, 7 nursing administrators, and 9 patients receiving care in the private healthcare settings. The findings identified three core competencies expected of nursing graduates in private healthcare institutions: <strong>Hard Skills:</strong> These encompassed six key domains: (1) foreign language proficiency, (2) digital literacy in computers, technology, and data management, (3) effective communication using diverse and modern tools, (4) knowledge of general and professional legal frameworks, (5) entrepreneurial capabilities, and (6) leadership skills. Soft Skills: Eight critical attributes were identified: (1) multicultural communication, (2) teamwork, (3) integrity and accountability, (4) adaptability and creativity, (5) problem-solving abilities, (6) emotional intelligence, 7) professional demeanor with ethical and moral principles, and (8) a commitment to lifelong learning. Professional Skills: This category included (1) proficiency in fundamental nursing practices and (2) expertise in specialized nursing practices aligned with specific areas of competency. The results of this study point out that nursing education institutions that have the goal of producing nurses to work in private healthcare facilities should develop nursing graduates to meet these desired characteristics.</p> Suwanna Vudhironarit Jiraporn Wattanasrisin Kanokwan Silapakumpises Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 164 179 Developing Transformational Leaders in Primary Care: A Curriculum to Cultivate Leadership Competencies in Primary Care Units and Primary Care Networks https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tnaph/article/view/272862 <p>Leaders in primary care units need transformational leadership skills in order to effectively lead their organization. This research&nbsp; and development&nbsp; aimed to 1) develop&nbsp; a transformational&nbsp; leadership curriculum in primary health systems and 2) study the effectiveness of a leadership curriculum promoting leadership competencies in primary care units and networks. The study was conducted across two cohorts of the Transformational Leadership Program in Primary Health Systems. Phase 1 involved 20 participants from&nbsp; the&nbsp; first&nbsp; cohort,&nbsp; selected&nbsp; through&nbsp; specific&nbsp; criteria. Phase&nbsp; 2&nbsp; comprised&nbsp; 57&nbsp; participants&nbsp; from&nbsp; the second cohort, selected through simple random sampling. The research tool was a course for developing transformational leadership in a developed primary health system. The tool used for data collection was a competency survey for the leaders of the primary health system that had been developed by the research team, consisting of 5 leadership competency domains: 1) self-development, 2) human development, 3)job development, 4) communication, and 5) integration of work development and communication. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics - the paired sample t-test. The overall training program was evaluated through two methods: 1) assessing the leadership competencies in 5 areas and 2) curriculum validation through an expert panel seminar. The results showed that the transformational leadership competencies in the primary health system across all 5 domains were significantly higher after training. The transformational leadership course for the primary health system proved effective and can be used for further development of leadership competencies in the primary health system.</p> Masarin Sukolpuk Waranist Lamyai Sujira Foongfaung Ganittar Thanadkit Copyright (c) 2024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 2024-12-25 2024-12-25 34 3 180 191