Thai Red Cross Nursing Journal

Erratum: Factors Related to Parental Perception of Electronic Media Usage Behaviors of Preschoolers at Public Child Development Centers, Bangkok Metropolitan Area

Arthittaya Kaenkrai — 2026-08-31

บทความแก้ไขนี้เกี่ยวข้องกับบทความต้นฉบับ:

กุลธิดา เกตุแก้ว, อาทิตยา แก่นไกร. ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับพฤติกรรมการใช้สื่ออิเล็กทรอนิกส์ของเด็กวัยก่อนเรียนตามการรับรู้ของผู้ปกครองในสถานรับเลี้ยงเด็กกลางวันกรุงเทพมหานคร. วารสารพยาบาลสภากาชาดไทย. 2567;17(2):103–121. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/trcnj/article/view/266828

ในบทความต้นฉบับ หัวข้อ “การพิทักษ์สิทธิ์ของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง” ให้แทนที่ข้อความเดิมทั้งหมดด้วยข้อความต่อไปนี้

การพิทักษ์สิทธิ์ของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง

การวิจัยครั้งนี้ได้รับการรับรองจากคณะกรรมการจริยธรรมการวิจัยในคน สถาบันการพยาบาลศรีสวรินทิรา สภากาชาดไทย เลขที่ COA 09/2020 รหัสโครงการ IRB-STIN 2563/09.06.08 (วันที่ 25 พฤศจิกายน 2563) และได้รับการต่ออายุการรับรองครั้งที่ 1 เลขที่ COA 10/2021 (วันที่ 25 พฤศจิกายน 2564) นอกจากนี้ การวิจัยได้รับการรับรองจากคณะกรรมการจริยธรรมการวิจัยในคน กรุงเทพมหานคร รหัสโครงการ E004h/64_EXP หมายเลขหนังสือรับรอง 33 (วันที่ 1 เมษายน 2564) และได้รับการต่ออายุการรับรองครั้งที่ 1 หมายเลขหนังสือรับรอง 35 (วันที่ 1 เมษายน 2565)

ก่อนเริ่มเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล ผู้วิจัยแนะนำตนเอง ชี้แจงวัตถุประสงค์ ขั้นตอนการวิจัย ประโยชน์และสิทธิของกลุ่มตัวอย่าง ตลอดจนเปิดโอกาสให้กลุ่มตัวอย่างตัดสินใจเข้าร่วมการวิจัยด้วยความสมัครใจ โดยไม่มีการบังคับ และสามารถปฏิเสธการเข้าร่วมหรือถอนตัวจากการวิจัยได้ตลอดเวลา โดยไม่มีผลกระทบต่อการได้รับบริการตามปกติ ข้อมูลของกลุ่มตัวอย่างได้รับการเก็บรักษาเป็นความลับ และผลการวิจัยจะนำเสนอในภาพรวมโดยไม่เปิดเผยข้อมูลที่สามารถระบุตัวบุคคลได้ เมื่อกลุ่มตัวอย่างมีความเข้าใจและยินดีเข้าร่วมการวิจัย ผู้วิจัยจึงให้ลงนามในเอกสารแสดงความยินยอมเข้าร่วมการวิจัยเป็นลายลักษณ์อักษร ก่อนดำเนินการเก็บรวบรวมข้อมูล

การแก้ไขนี้ไม่มีผลกระทบต่อเนื้อหา การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล ผลการวิจัย หรือข้อสรุปที่รายงานไว้ในบทความต้นฉบับ

กองบรรณาธิการขออภัยในความคลาดเคลื่อนดังกล่าว

Two Case Studies of Nursing Care for Post-Cesarean Patients with Mechanical Small Bowel Obstruction and Postoperative Ileus

Khanittha Phon-ngam — 2026-08-31

Background: Gastrointestinal complications following cesarean delivery, including mechanical bowel obstruction and postoperative ileus, are uncommon but may delay maternal recovery and lead to serious complications, particularly mechanical bowel obstruction. Although these two conditions share similar clinical manifestations, such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and failure to pass flatus or stool, they differ in their pathophysiology and management. Systematic clinical assessment and appropriate diagnostic imaging are therefore essential for differential diagnosis.

Objective: To present and compare the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, management, and nursing care of two post-cesarean patients with mechanical bowel obstruction and postoperative ileus.

Case Presentation: Two women who developed gastrointestinal complications following cesarean delivery were presented. The first patient developed mechanical small bowel obstruction, whereas the second developed postoperative ileus. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, diagnostic imaging, treatment, and nursing care were reviewed and compared.

Results: The timing of symptom onset, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and abdominal computed tomography (CT) findings helped differentiate the two conditions and guided appropriate treatment and nursing care. The cases also highlighted the proactive role of nurses in early assessment, complication surveillance, holistic care, and multidisciplinary collaboration.

Conclusion: Mechanical bowel obstruction and postoperative ileus may present with similar clinical manifestations yet require different diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Comprehensive assessment, timely diagnosis, and evidence-based nursing care are essential for reducing complications, promoting recovery, and enhancing maternal safety following cesarean delivery.

Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease Risk Categories According to KDIGO Criteria among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Thailand: A Secondary Data Analysis Using Ordinal Logistic Regression

Somruethai Chaiaukson — 2026-08-31

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), increasing the risk of kidney failure and mortality.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify factors associated with KDIGO CKD risk categories among patients with T2DM in Thailand

Method: This analytical study used secondary data from the Thailand DM/HT 2018 database. Data from 7,824 patients aged at least 20 years with complete information on eGFR, UACR, and study covariates were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ordinal logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported to estimate the odds of being in a higher versus lower KDIGO risk category.

Result: Participants were classified as having low, moderate, high, and very high CKD risk at 40.1%, 34.4%, 13.5%, and 11.9%, respectively. After adjustment, higher risk categories were associated with older age (aOR = 1.032; 1.027-1.036), longer diabetes duration (aOR = 1.015; 95% CI = 1.006-1.024), higher HbA1c (aOR = 1.052; 1.028-1.077), and higher systolic blood pressure (aOR = 1.008; 1.005-1.011). Higher odds were also observed among patients with diabetic retinopathy (aOR = 1.788; 1.504-2.125), gout (aOR = 1.693; 1.399-2.049), and cardiovascular disease (aOR = 1.209; 1.022-1.431). Compared with no glucose-lowering medication, insulin alone (aOR = 4.563; 3.420-6.089) and sulfonylurea alone (aOR = 1.951; 1.484-2.565) showed the strongest associations. Because prescribing medication is influenced by clinical indications, these associations should not be interpreted causally.

Conclusion: Age, diabetes duration, glycemic control, systolic blood pressure, diabetic complications, comorbidities, and glucose-lowering medication use were associated with higher KDIGO CKD risk categories among patients with T2DM. Systematic assessment using eGFR and UACR may support risk-based screening, prioritization, and individualized care planning.

Effects of a Supportive-Educative Program on Dietary Behaviors for Infection Prevention among Patients with Hematologic Neoplasms Receiving Antineoplastic Agents

Jeeranun Jinagub — 2026-08-31

Background: Patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy are at increased risk of infection due to immunosuppression. Appropriate, hygienic food consumption is therefore important for preventing infection. Enhancing knowledge and self-care capabilities may help patients improve their dietary behaviors.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study aimed to examine the effect of an educational-support program on dietary behaviors for preventing infection among patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy. The program was developed based on Orem’s Self-Care Theory in conjunction with clinical nursing practice guidelines. The sample consisted of 52 patients with hematologic malignancies receiving care at the Hematologic Cancer Clinic, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Participants were purposively selected and assigned to a control group and an experimental group, with 26 participants in each group. Data were collected from January to September 2025. The control group received standard nursing care, whereas the experimental group underwent the program for four weeks. Dietary behaviors were assessed before and after the intervention. The research instrument was a questionnaire on dietary behaviors during chemotherapy, with a content validity index of 1.00 and a reliability coefficient of 0.70. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests for group differences.

Results: Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in dietary behavior scores between the two groups. After the intervention, the experimental group had a significantly higher median dietary behavior score (Median (IQR) =19) than the control group (Median (IQR) = 17) (p < .05). The experimental group also demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in dietary behavior scores compared with baseline
(p < .05)

Conclusion and Recommendations: The educational-support program based on Orem’s Self-Care Theory contributed to improving dietary behaviors among patients with hematologic malignancies receiving chemotherapy. As such, the program should be considered for integration into nursing care for this population. Further studies should evaluate clinical outcomes, such as infection rates and febrile neutropenia, to determine the broader health effects of the program.

Prevalence and Predictive Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in U Thong District, Suphanburi Province

Sureewan Sawangha — 2026-08-31

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and an important cause of permanent visual impairment and blindness. Identifying the prevalence and predictive factors of DR is essential in developing effective screening and risk-stratification strategies among patients with T2DM.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictive factors of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in U Thong District, Suphan Buri Province, Thailand.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among 1,140 patients with T2DM who received DR screening at U Thong Hospital between June and December 2025. Data were collected from medical records using a structured data-recording form covering personal and clinical characteristics. The instrument was reviewed for content validity by three experts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was 24.7% (95% CI: 22.3-27.3), with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy being the most common severity level (18.9%). The multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated good model fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow test: χ² = 5.72, df = 8, p = 0.68) and correctly classified 77.90% of cases. Smoking was the strongest predictive factor for diabetic retinopathy (adjusted OR = 3.53, p < 0.001), followed by duration of diabetes (adjusted OR = 1.90, p < 0.001), visual acuity (adjusted OR = 1.80, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (adjusted OR = 1.72, p = 0.001), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level (adjusted OR = 1.60, p < 0.001). The predictors jointly explained 27% of the variance in diabetic retinopathy (Nagelkerke R² = 0.27).

Conclusion: The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among patients with T2DM in U Thong District was substantial and warrants continued surveillance. Smoking, longer duration of diabetes, visual acuity, systolic blood pressure, and HbA1c level were important predictive factors. Healthcare teams should strengthen smoking cessation interventions, glycemic control, and regular retinal screening at least annually. These predictive factors may also be incorporated into risk-based screening systems to facilitate early identification and management of patients at increased risk of diabetic retinopathy.

Effectiveness of Non-pharmacological Interventions for Perineal Pain Management within 0-72 Hours after Vaginal Delivery: A Systematic Review

Nongnapath Somthong — 2026-08-31

Background: Perineal wound pain is a common problem among women after vaginal delivery, affecting both their physiological and psychological well-being. It is typically most severe during the first 24 hours after childbirth and tends to decrease within 72 hours postpartum.

Objective: To synthesize the methods and outcomes of non-pharmacological management of perineal pain during the first 0–72 hours postpartum among women following vaginal delivery.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. Two reviewers independently searched five electronic databases, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, and ThaiJO guided by the PICOT framework. Studies were selected based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and reported using a PRISMA flow diagram. Methodological quality was appraised using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials, with a minimum quality threshold of 60%. Data were extracted using a researcher-developed form based on the JBI guidelines and descriptive synthesis.

Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, all of which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), classified as Level 1.c evidence according to the JBI criteria. The studies included a total of 731 participants from five countries. Four studies were rated as high quality, while three were rated as moderate quality.

Conclusions: Cold therapy may help reduce acute perineal pain during the early postpartum period, particularly in the short term. However, evidence regarding the optimal frequency of application remains insufficient. As a simple and practical intervention within the scope of nursing practice, cold therapy may be used as an adjunct to standard care, with its application tailored to each woman’s needs and the local clinical context.