UBRU Journal for Public Health Research

Faculty of Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University

Faculty of Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani Rajabhat University — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Healthy stories of Japan and government support under the Principles of Lifestyle Medicine

Jirapat Danpradit — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Japan is one of the countries with the highest life expectancy in the world, with an average of 81.09 years for men and 87.14 years for women. This achievement is largely attributed to health-promoting lifestyles combined with consistent and strategic public health policies. This article reviews the core principles of lifestyle medicine, which comprise six key pillars: nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress management, avoidance of tobacco and alcohol, and social relationships. These principles are illustrated through Japanese philosophies and practices, such as Hara Hachibu, which encourages eating until 80% full; Washoku, a traditional dietary culture emphasizing healthy and balanced ingredients; and Ikigai, a life philosophy that promotes harmony and well-being of both body and mind. The Japanese government plays a crucial role in integrating lifestyle medicine into national health policy through initiatives such as the “Health Japan 21” campaign and the Ningen Dock comprehensive health check-up system, which focuses on early disease detection and the prevention of complications. In addition, regulatory measures to reduce smoking and alcohol consumption are implemented through taxation, public smoking bans, and smoking cessation counseling services. Thailand may adapt these strategies to address the rising burden of non-communicable diseases and to prepare for an aging society. This adaptation includes developing public health policies that integrate lifestyle medicine into the Thai context, promoting healthy behaviors, improving access to preventive health screenings, and establishing community-based support systems to ensure long-term population health sustainability.

Awareness, knowledge, and preventive practices of zoonotic diseases among Bangkok residents aged 15-60 years

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Zoonotic diseases, or zoonoses, are infectious diseases transmitted between animals and humans and pose significant public health challenges worldwide. Factors such as urbanization, global travel, and increased human–animal interactions have heightened the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. Public awareness and preventive behaviors play a critical role in outbreak control and risk reduction. This study aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge, and preventive behaviors related to zoonotic diseases among Bangkok residents aged 15–60 years and to identify factors predicting preventive behaviors. A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,209 participants selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, knowledge of zoonotic diseases, and preventive behaviors. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses were employed to identify predictors of preventive behaviors. The results indicated that most participants demonstrated good knowledge of zoonotic diseases (75.19%) and high levels of preventive behaviors (92.31%). Multiple regression analysis revealed that knowledge was the strongest predictor of preventive behaviors (β=0.295,
p<0.05), followed by gender (β=0.126, p<0.05) and age (β=0.099, p<0.05). Nevertheless, gaps were observed
in specific preventive practices, particularly the use of insect repellents and protective equipment during high-risk activities. These findings have important implications for public health policy and intervention design. Although high levels of knowledge are associated with improved preventive behaviors, the identified behavioral gaps highlight the need for targeted interventions beyond general awareness campaigns. Policymakers and public health agencies should emphasize behavior change strategies, including tailored health education programs, digital health initiatives, and One Health collaborations between human and veterinary health sectors. Furthermore, integrating zoonotic disease education into school curricula and strengthening hygiene regulations in wet markets and animal trade industries are essential for reducing transmission risks. The study contributes to evidence-based policymaking and the development of sustainable public health strategies to mitigate zoonotic disease risks in urban settings. Future research should incorporate rural populations, mixed-methods approaches, and longitudinal designs to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of interventions.

Investigating Staphylococcus aureus contamination on high-touch surfaces in schools and public spaces

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Staphylococcus aureus is a common bacterial pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections and is capable of persisting on high-touch surfaces, thereby posing a risk for community transmission. Although numerous studies have focused on clinical settings, data on S. aureus contamination in public spaces, particularly in developing countries, remain limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of S. aureus contamination on high-contact surfaces in schools, public transportation systems, and shopping malls in Bangkok, as well as to examine environmental factors influencing contamination levels. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between May and June 2025. A total of 95 surface swab samples were collected from classrooms, restrooms, ticket machines, elevator buttons, and food courts. Detection of S. aureus was performed using a rapid latex agglutination test kit, with validation through positive and negative controls. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA) to assess associations between contamination levels, surface contact frequency, and site characteristics. The prevalence of S. aureus contamination varied substantially across sites. High contamination rates were observed in classrooms (80.00%), restrooms (44.44%), BTS ticketing areas (42.90%), and one shopping mall (100.00%). In contrast, cafeterias and ferry terminals, despite high contact frequency, exhibited low or no detectable contamination. PCA findings indicated that surface material and cleaning frequency were stronger predictors of contamination than contact frequency alone. This study demonstrates significant S. aureus contamination on high-touch public surfaces, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation practices. The findings underscore the importance of implementing targeted cleaning protocols, enhancing public hygiene awareness, and strengthening microbial surveillance in urban public environments. Future research should incorporate molecular diagnostic techniques to identify antimicrobial-resistant strains and to evaluate seasonal variations in contamination patterns.

Assessment of Organophosphate and Carbamate residues in vegetables marketed as pesticide-free in Pathum Thani Province

Baramee Manatsathit — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Organic vegetables are widely regarded as safer and healthier alternatives to conventionally farmed produce. However, concerns persist regarding contamination from organophosphate and carbamate pesticide residues, especially in Thailand, where consumer demand for organic foods continues to grow. Despite certification standards, environmental exposure, post-harvest practices, and supply chain variability may compromise the safety of pesticide-free products. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of organophosphate and carbamate residues in six commonly consumed vegetables marketed as pesticide-free in Pathum Thani Province and to compare contamination levels between certified supermarkets and fresh markets.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using 48 vegetable samples—Napa cabbage, cabbage, bok choy, kale, water spinach, and garlic—collected through convenience sampling from four supermarkets and four fresh markets. Pesticide detection was performed using the MJPK test kit, a colorimetric cholinesterase inhibition assay with an 85% detection accuracy. Results were classified as Safe, Harmful, or Severely Harmful. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze residue prevalence by vegetable type and distribution source.

Of the samples, 83.00% were classified as Safe, 2.08% as Harmful, and 12.50% as Severely Harmful. All leafy vegetables were 100% pesticide-free, while garlic showed the highest contamination, with 75.00% of samples classified as Severely Harmful. Contamination was found exclusively in supermarket-sourced vegetables; all fresh market samples were safe.

Although most pesticide-free vegetables were safe for consumption, significant contamination in supermarket-sourced garlic highlights weaknesses in current monitoring and certification systems. Stricter regulatory oversight, enhanced residue testing, and improved consumer education are essential to ensure food safety and protect public health.

Knowledge, attitude and behavior of solid waste sorting of undergraduate students, Sisaket Rajabhat University

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed (1) to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to solid waste separation among undergraduate students at Sisaket Rajabhat University, and (2) to investigate the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and solid waste sorting behaviors. A total of 122 undergraduate students were selected as the sample. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisting of three sections: personal information, knowledge of solid waste separation, and attitudes and behaviors toward solid waste sorting. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

The results showed that the participants’ knowledge of solid waste separation was at a moderate level, with an overall score of 44.26% (mean=11.00 ± 4.43). Most respondents correctly identified that using food waste for composting is a hygienic method of solid waste disposal (77.87%). However, limited knowledge was observed regarding the proper disposal of cosmetic products (24.59% correct responses) and the symbol for infectious waste (21.31% correct responses). Attitudes toward solid waste separation were at a good level, with an overall score of 72.95% (mean=29.48 ± 5.74). Most participants agreed that maintaining cleanliness is everyone’s responsibility (81.14%) and that waste separation is a shared responsibility of all individuals (70.49%).

Regarding solid waste sorting behaviors, the results indicated a moderate level, with an overall score of 54.92% (mean=38.95 ± 7.12). Commonly practiced behaviors included purchasing reusable products to reduce waste (50.00%) and refusing plastic bags when buying small items (55.74%). Correlation analysis revealed that knowledge was positively correlated with attitudes (rₛ=0.48, p<0.001) and with solid waste sorting behaviors (rₛ=0.46, p<0.001), both at a moderate level.

In conclusion, the findings indicated that undergraduate students possessed moderate knowledge and good attitudes toward solid waste separation, reflecting an awareness of the importance of waste management and environmental protection. However, waste sorting behaviors remained at a moderate level, which may be attributed to insufficient motivation to translate knowledge and attitudes into practice. Therefore, waste separation promotion programs should emphasize strengthening appropriate practices by providing continuous motivation and support. This may include enhancing knowledge in areas where gaps remain and organizing participatory activities that encourage daily waste sorting, which could lead to more effective and sustainable waste management behaviors in the future.

The development of health system and environmental safety in brass forging factory, Nasamai Subdistrict, Mueang district, Yasothon province

Kanyanee Suttayarungsan — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study employed an action research approach that integrated both quantitative and qualitative data collection while actively engaging participants in interventions aimed at improving the study area. The objectives were to (1) assess the working environments of seven brass foundries, (2) examine health abnormalities among 93 employees, and (3) develop a participatory safety management model to enhance workplace safety. A mixed-methods design was utilized, incorporating employee health questionnaires, workplace environmental measurement records, and focus group interviews as research instruments.

The findings revealed that certain workplace environmental factors did not meet regulatory standards, particularly insufficient lighting in work areas, as specified in the Ministerial Regulation on Occupational Safety, Health, and Environmental Management Standards for Heat, Lighting, Dust, and Noise (2016). Regarding particulate matter exposure, the highest average concentration recorded was 1.003 ± 0.001 mg/m³, which remained within the permissible exposure limits established by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Heat levels at all measurement points did not exceed an average of 32.0°C, while noise levels remained below 85 dBA; both were within acceptable regulatory limits. With respect to health abnormalities, the most frequently reported symptoms among workers were eye irritation, including itching, burning, and discomfort (10.8%); skin irritation, such as rashes (9.7%); and nasal congestion, sneezing, and rhinorrhea (7.5%), primarily associated with dust exposure.

The development of a participatory safety management model, grounded in action research principles, promoted active employee involvement in workplace safety and health management. This participatory approach enabled employees to contribute recommendations for improving workplace environmental conditions, health management practices, and safety measures. Key recommendations emphasized behavioral modifications and increased safety awareness to foster a healthier and safer work environment. Overall, the findings provide a foundational basis for developing an effective and sustainable safety management model for brass foundries in Yasothon Province.

Factors influencing neck and shoulder pain syndrome in medical personnel in Bandung Crown Prince Hospital, Udonthani Province

Nunticha Thongsaeng, Kittiporn Nawsuwan, Adchara Khammathit — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This study aimed to examine factors associated with neck and shoulder pain syndrome among personnel at Ban Dung Crown Prince Hospital, Udonthani Province. A simple random sampling method was employed to recruit 250 participants, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire between October and November 2023. Data analysis was conducted using simple logistic regression, with variables showing a Wald test p-value of less than 0.25 subsequently included in a multiple logistic regression analysis.

The results indicated that the majority of participants were female (74.6%), most were aged 21–30 years (40.6%), and 80.1% reported having no underlying chronic diseases. Approximately 48.6% of participants reported engaging in physical exercise one to two times per week. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that factors significantly associated with neck and shoulder pain included female sex (adjusted OR = 3.82; 95% CI: 2.02–7.24), age 41–50 years (adjusted OR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.20–4.16), the presence of chronic diseases (adjusted OR = 3.66; 95% CI: 1.41–9.43), improper bending or twisting posture during work (adjusted OR = 2.84; 95% CI: 1.30–6.19), and inadequate workspace (adjusted OR = 3.97; 95% CI: 1.39–11.30).

In conclusion, neck and shoulder pain among hospital personnel was significantly associated with demographic factors (sex and age), health status, and ergonomic risk factors, including improper working posture and insufficient workspace. These findings highlight the importance of ergonomic interventions, workplace modifications, and muscle-strengthening exercise programs in preventing musculoskeletal disorders among hospital staff. The implementation of targeted occupational health recommendations and improvements in the working environment should be prioritized to reduce the risk of neck and shoulder injuries.

Assessment of bioaerosols in a blood collection room of a hospital

Nattamon Sanpuntree, Porntip Yenjai, Pongsit Boonruksa — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Bioaerosols serve as a significant indicator for evaluating indoor air quality in hospitals. Activities and operations in various hospital settings, including blood collection rooms, may lead to detrimental health impacts on healthcare workers and patients who are exposed to these aerosols. This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of airborne microorganisms in a blood collection room by measuring bacterial and fungal concentrations. Six areas within the room were investigated: a patient screening point, waiting area, blood collection station, blood collection room for monks or wheelchair users, a special room for patients lying on a bed during blood collection, and a restroom. Bioaerosols in each area were collected using microbiological air samplers. A total of 120 samples were collected in the morning and afternoon over five consecutive days. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kruskal–Wallis test to examine differences in bioaerosol concentrations by area and service day, with a significance level of 0.05.

The results showed that, in the blood collection room, the average concentrations of bacteria and fungi were 442 ± 249 cfu/m³ (range: 83–1,283 cfu/m³) and 445 ± 257 cfu/m³ (range: 33–1,253 cfu/m³), respectively. These concentrations met the surveillance values of the Department of Health (≤ 500 cfu/m³) but exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for hospitals (≤100 cfu/m³ for bacteria and ≤50 cfu/m³ for fungi). The mean concentrations of both bioaerosols in the morning were approximately twice as high as those in the afternoon. When considering specific areas, the highest concentrations of bacteria (529 cfu/m³) and fungi (525 cfu/m³) were detected in the special room for patients lying on a bed during blood collection. Moreover, this area exhibited the greatest significant differences in bacterial and fungal concentrations between the morning and afternoon periods. The variation in bioaerosol concentrations between morning and afternoon in the blood collection room may be attributed to the number of patients in the morning being nearly five times higher than in the afternoon per day. In addition, fungal concentrations were found to differ significantly according to the service day.

In conclusion, although the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi in the blood collection room complied with the surveillance values of the Department of Health, they exceeded the WHO recommended values for hospital environments. Elevated bioaerosol concentrations may be associated with insufficient ventilation and air-conditioning systems, inadequate cleaning practices—particularly in infrequently used areas—and high patient density. These factors should be addressed and improved to minimize bioaerosol concentrations in blood collection rooms.

Effectiveness of a program to enhance health literacy and prevent falls in the older adults at risk group with family participation in Bo Thong Sub-district, Bo Thong District, Chonburi Province

Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

A quasi-experimental study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a health literacy enhancement program for vulnerable older adults and their caregivers, as well as to examine fall prevention practices among vulnerable older adults with family participation. The sample comprised 34 pairs of older adults and their caregivers, who were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in an eight-week program consisting of (1) health literacy for fall prevention, (2) exercise, (3) home environment modification, (4) medication management, and (5) balance assessment. The content validity of the research instruments was evaluated by three experts, yielding Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) indices ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 for all items. Reliability testing using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients demonstrated acceptable internal consistency, with values of 0.82, 0.71, and 0.74 across the measured domains. The reliability of the knowledge test was assessed using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 (KR-20), which produced a coefficient of 0.89. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, including the chi-square test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

The results indicated that the experimental group demonstrated a significantly higher mean health literacy score related to fall prevention after program participation (2.98 ± 0.60) compared with pre-intervention
(2.83 ± 0.66) and the control group (2.47 ± 0.47). Similarly, fall prevention behaviors in the experimental group after the intervention (3.56 ± 0.65) were significantly higher than those before participation (3.39 ± 0.72) and those observed in the control group (3.17 ± 0.61). Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited a significantly shorter balance time after program participation (17.56 ± 5.82) compared with pre-intervention values (28.85 ± 11.92) and the control group (28.65 ± 12.17) (p < 0.05).

These findings suggest that the health literacy enhancement program was effective in improving health literacy, fall prevention behaviors, and balance among vulnerable older adults. Long-term follow-up is recommended to assess the sustainability of fall prevention behaviors and the long-term effectiveness of the program.

The relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and social support with the intention to use contraceptive implants among pregnant adolescents

Nanthatchaporn Neilson, Wilawan Arethiwej — Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0700

This research was a descriptive correlational study aimed at examining the relationships among knowledge, attitudes, and social support, and the intention to use contraceptive implants among pregnant adolescents. The sample consisted of 67 pregnant adolescents aged 12–19 years, at various gestational ages, who received antenatal care at the antenatal clinic of Warinchamrap Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani Province. The research instruments comprised a questionnaire with four sections: (1) knowledge about contraceptive implants, (2) attitudes toward contraceptive implant use, (3) social support, and (4) intention to use contraceptive implants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and the relationships among variables were examined using the chi-square test at a significance level of .05.

The results revealed that 73.10% of the pregnant adolescents intended to use contraceptive implants. Knowledge, attitudes toward contraceptive implant use, and social support were significantly associated with the intention to use contraceptive implants among pregnant adolescents at the .05 level of significance.

Therefore, enhancing knowledge about contraceptive implants, fostering positive attitudes, and promoting social support are crucial for encouraging pregnant adolescents to intend to use contraceptive implants postpartum.