ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับภาวะโภชนาการและการรู้คิดในผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยในศูนย์พัฒนาการจัดสวัสดิการผู้สูงอายุ
คำสำคัญ:
ภาวะโภชนาการ, การรู้คิด, ผู้สูงอายุบทคัดย่อ
การวิจัยเชิงพรรณนาแบบตัดขวางมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับภาวะโภชนาการและการรู้คิดในผู้สูงอายุที่อาศัยในศูนย์พัฒนาการจัดสวัสดิการผู้สูงอายุจำนวน 100 คน เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลระหว่างตุลาคม-ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2561 เครื่องมือในการวิจัยประกอบด้วยแบบสัมภาษณ์ข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบคัดกรอง MNA®-SF แบบประเมินการรู้คิด และการวิเคราะห์ทางชีวเคมีในเลือด วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยสถิติพรรณนา ค่าไคสแควร์ และถดถอยพหุคูณ
ผลการวิจัยพบว่าผู้สูงอายุส่วนใหญ่มีภาวะโภชนาการปกติร้อยละ 65 รองลงมามีภาวะโภชนาการเกินและขาด ร้อยละ 21 (ดัชนีมวลกาย 23.0-24.9 kg/m2) และร้อยละ 11 (ดัชนีมวลกาย <18.5kg/m2) นอกจากนี้พบว่าผู้สูงอายุมีภาวะน้ำตาลในเลือดสูง (≥126 mg/dl) ร้อยละ 13.8 ไขมันในเลือดสูง (cholesterol≥ 200 mg/dl) ร้อยละ 59.6 โดยมีไขมันชนิดไม่ดี ≥130 mg/dl ร้อยละ 50 มีไขมันชนิดดี ≤39 mg/dl ร้อยละ 23.4 และไตรกลีเซอร์ไรด์ ≥150 mg/dl ร้อยละ 36.2 และพบว่าปัจจัยอายุ โรคประจำตัว ปัญหาสุขภาพช่องปากและฟัน ความสามารถในการเคี้ยวอาหาร และระดับโฮโมซีสเตอีนมีความสัมพันธ์กับภาวะโภชนาการในผู้สูงอายุอย่างมีนัยสำคัญที่ระดับ .01 และพบว่าอายุและการศึกษามีความสัมพันธ์กับการรู้คิดอย่างมีนัยสำคัญที่ระดับ .01 และ .05 ตามลำดับ ผลการวิจัยนี้สามารถใช้เป็นแนวทางในการเฝ้าระวังภาวะโภชนาการและการรู้คิดอย่างต่อเนื่องและยั่งยืนสำหรับผู้สูงอายุ อีกทั้งช่วยป้องกันลดปัญหาโภชนาการและการรู้คิดของผู้สูงอายุในสถานสงเคราะห์คนชรา
References
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New York: Chapman and Hall/CRC. 237.
Baan Bangkae Social Welfare Development Center for Older Persons (2020) on line.
Retrieved May 6, 2020 from http://www.banbangkhae.go.th/service.php [In Thai]
Breteler, M.M. (2000). Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease: an epidemiologic
perspective. Neurobiology Aging, 21, 153-160.
Chanpila, T., Sirisook, V., Phukao, D., Rojroongwasinkul, N., (2015) The Associations of
Mood, Perceived Food Quality, Food Satisfaction and Food intake among Thai
Elderly in an Elderly Social Welfare Center. 34th The National Graduate Research
Conference, 2015-2025. [In Thai]
Charoonruk, G., Winichagoon, P., Sirichakwal, P., and Kosulwat, V. (1997). The
Assessment of Nutritional Status of The Elderly Living in Baan Bangkae Home
for the Aged. Thesis Database, Mahidol University, Graduate School. [In Thai]
Chavarro-Carvajal, D., Reyes-Ortiz, C., Samper-Ternent, R., Arciniegas, A.J., Gutierrez, C.C.
(2015) Nutritional assessment and factors associated to malnutrition to older
adults: a cross-sectional study in Bototá, Colombia. Journal of Aging Health,
27(2), 304-319.
Christner, S., Ritt, M., Volkert, D., Wirth, R., Sieber, C.C., and Gaβmann, K.G. (2016).
Evaluation of the nutrition status of older hospitalized geriatric patients: a
comparative analysis of a mini nutritional assessment (MNA) version and the nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002). Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 29(6), 704-713.
Clarke, R. (2008). B-vitamins and prevention of dementia. Proceedings of The Nutrition
Society, 67, 75-81.
Department of health, Ministry of Public Health (2010). Waist circumference. Retrieved
August 18, 2020 from https://www.anamai.moph.go.th/ewt_news.php?nid=1777.
[In Thai]
Department of Medical Service, Ministry of Public Health. (2013). Institute of Geriatric
Medicine.Standard Guideline of Aging Quality Clinic. Retrieved March 18, 2020 from http://www.agingthai.org [In Thai]
Droogsma, E., van Asselt, D., De Deyn P. (2015). Weight loss and undernutrition in
community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer’s dementia. Zeitschrift for
Gerontologie und Geriatrie. 48(4), 318-324.
Feng, L., Tze-Pin, Ng.,Chuah, L., Kua, E.H.(2006). Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-
12 and cognitive performance in older Chinese adults: finding from the
Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
84, 1506-1512.
Foundation of Thai Gerontology Research and Development institute. (2014). The
situation of the elderly. Bangkok, Amarin Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd. 2015. [In
Thai]
Gallucci, M., Mazzuco, S., Ongaro, F., Giorgi, E., Mecocci, P., Cesari, M., et al (2013). Body
mass index, lifestyles, physical performance and cognitive decline: the “Treviso
Longeva (TRELONG)” study. Journal of Nutrition Health Aging. 17, 378-384.
Han, Y., Li, S., Zheng, Y. (2008).Predictors of nutritional status among community-
dwelling older adults in Wuhan China. Public Health Nutrition, 12(8), 1189-1196.
Kaewanuchit C. (2013). Health determinants and social determinants of health under global
and thai health system. Journal of Nursing Science & Health, 36(1), 123 - 131[In Thai]
Laura C. (2002). Food and emotion. Behavioral Processes.
Maity, B., De. S., Saha, I., Sen, M., Chaudhuri, D. (2015). Association between nutritional
Statusaccording to mini nutritional assessment and body mass index for
Communitydwelling elderly women in Kolkata, India. International Journal of
Science and Research. 4, 46-47.
Manders, M., Vasse, E., Groot, L., Staveren, W.A., Bindels, J.G., Bloom, H.J. (2006).
Homocysteine andcognitive function in institutionalized elderly. European
Journal of Nutrition. 45,70-78.
Miller, J.W., Green, R., Ramos, M.I., Allen, L.H., Mumgas, D.M., Jagust, W.J. (2003).
Homocysteine andcognitive function in the sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 78, 441-447.
Ministry of Public Health.Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medical
Services,(2014). Standard Guideline for Quality Elderly Clinic. (internet, retrieved
April 22, 2020 from http://www.agingthai.org). [In Thai]
Muangpaisan,W., Petcharat, C., and Srinonprasert, V. (2012).Prevalence of potentially
reversible conditions in dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a geriatric
clinic. Geriatrics and Gerontology International, 12, 59–64.
Muangpaisan, W. (2014). Nutrition management for the elderly. 1st Ed. Thai Society
of Gerontology of Geriatric Medicine. Bangkok. [In Thai]
Naglaa, A., El-Sherbiny, Younis, A., Masoud, M. (2016). A Comprehensive assessment of
the physical, nutrition and psychological health status of the elderly populace in Fayoum governorate. Archives of Gerontology Geriatrics. 66, 119-126.
National Statistical Office. (2018). Situation of the Thai elderly. Retrieved from
http://www.nso.go.th/ sites/2014 [In Thai]
Nilmanat, K., Naka, K., Kong-in, W., Sai-jew, A., Chailungka, P., and Boonphadh, P.
(2013). Nutritional Conditions of Elderly People in the Three Southernmost
Border Provinces. Thai Journal of Nursing Council. 28(1) 75-84. [In Thai]
Oyazun-Gonzalez, XA., Taylor, KC., Myers, SR., Muldoon, SB., Baumgartner, RN. (2015).
Cognitive decline and polypharmacy in an elderly population. Journal of
American Geriatrics Society. 63, 397-399.
Pitantananukune, P., Rajatanun, B. (2019). Nutritional Status and Factors Related to
Nutritional Status of Elderly Living in the Community. Journal of SakonNakhon
Hospital. 22(1), 1-13. [In Thai]
Pongpaew, P., Tungtrongchitr, R., Phonrat, B., Vudhivai, N., Jintaridhi, P., Vorasanta, S.,
Chantaranipapong, Y.,Supawan, V., ViroonudompholD., Tribunyatkul, S., Tongboonchoo, C., Schelp, FP.(2000). Activity, dietary intake, and anthropometry of aninformal social group of Thai elderly in Bangkok. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 30, 245-260.
Prasat Neurological Institute,Medical Department. (2014). Clinical Practice Guidelines:
Dementia. 1st Ed. Institute of Neurology, Medical Department. [In Thai]
Prins, N.D., Heijer, T.D., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P.J., Jolly. J., Clarke, R. (2002).
Homocysteine and cognitive function in the elderly The Rotterdam Scan Study.
Journal of Neurology. 59, 1375-1380.
Pruksa, S., and Sukprasert, W. (2018). Food consumption behaviors and nutrition
status of the elderly in Na-o sub-district, Muang district, Loei province. Journal
of the Office of DPC 7 KhonKaen. 25(3), 67-76. [In Thai]
Rubenstein, L.Z., Harker, J.O., Salva, S., Guigoz, Y., and Vellas, (2001). Screening for
undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini nutritional
assessment (MNA-SF). The Journal of Gerontology. 56, 366-377.
Samnieng, P., Ueno, M., Shinada, K., Zaitus, T., Wright, F.A., Kawaguchi, Y. (2011). Oral
health status and chewing ability is related to mininutritional assessment results in an older adult population in Thailand. Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics. 30, 291-304.
Sasat , S. (2011).Gerontological Nursing: Common Problems and Caring Guideline. 3rd
Ed.Chulalongkorn University Press. [In Thai]
Seshadri, S., Beiser, A., Selhub, J., Jacques P. F., Rosenberg, I. H., D’Agostino R. B.,
(2002). Plasma Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Alzheimer’s
Disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 346, 476-483.
Sriwichian,T. (2016).A Study of the Nutritional Status and the Factors Relating
Malnutrition Status of the Elderly Receiving Health Service from Pompet
Community Medical Center. .Journal of Preventive Medicine Association of
Thailand. 6(2), 119-130. [In Thai]
The National Statistical Office.(2014). Initial results report on the 2014. Survey on the Older persons in Thailand. Bangkok, Director Statistical Forecasting Bureau.
Vogel T, Dali-Youcef N, Kaltenbach G, Andres E. (2009). Homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate and cognitive functions: a systemic and critical review of the literature Journal of Clinical Practice, 63, 1061-1067.
New York: Chapman and Hall/CRC. 237.
Baan Bangkae Social Welfare Development Center for Older Persons (2020) on line.
Retrieved May 6, 2020 from http://www.banbangkhae.go.th/service.php [In Thai]
Breteler, M.M. (2000). Vascular risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease: an epidemiologic
perspective. Neurobiology Aging, 21, 153-160.
Chanpila, T., Sirisook, V., Phukao, D., Rojroongwasinkul, N., (2015) The Associations of
Mood, Perceived Food Quality, Food Satisfaction and Food intake among Thai
Elderly in an Elderly Social Welfare Center. 34th The National Graduate Research
Conference, 2015-2025. [In Thai]
Charoonruk, G., Winichagoon, P., Sirichakwal, P., and Kosulwat, V. (1997). The
Assessment of Nutritional Status of The Elderly Living in Baan Bangkae Home
for the Aged. Thesis Database, Mahidol University, Graduate School. [In Thai]
Chavarro-Carvajal, D., Reyes-Ortiz, C., Samper-Ternent, R., Arciniegas, A.J., Gutierrez, C.C.
(2015) Nutritional assessment and factors associated to malnutrition to older
adults: a cross-sectional study in Bototá, Colombia. Journal of Aging Health,
27(2), 304-319.
Christner, S., Ritt, M., Volkert, D., Wirth, R., Sieber, C.C., and Gaβmann, K.G. (2016).
Evaluation of the nutrition status of older hospitalized geriatric patients: a
comparative analysis of a mini nutritional assessment (MNA) version and the nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002). Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 29(6), 704-713.
Clarke, R. (2008). B-vitamins and prevention of dementia. Proceedings of The Nutrition
Society, 67, 75-81.
Department of health, Ministry of Public Health (2010). Waist circumference. Retrieved
August 18, 2020 from https://www.anamai.moph.go.th/ewt_news.php?nid=1777.
[In Thai]
Department of Medical Service, Ministry of Public Health. (2013). Institute of Geriatric
Medicine.Standard Guideline of Aging Quality Clinic. Retrieved March 18, 2020 from http://www.agingthai.org [In Thai]
Droogsma, E., van Asselt, D., De Deyn P. (2015). Weight loss and undernutrition in
community-dwelling patients with Alzheimer’s dementia. Zeitschrift for
Gerontologie und Geriatrie. 48(4), 318-324.
Feng, L., Tze-Pin, Ng.,Chuah, L., Kua, E.H.(2006). Homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B-
12 and cognitive performance in older Chinese adults: finding from the
Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
84, 1506-1512.
Foundation of Thai Gerontology Research and Development institute. (2014). The
situation of the elderly. Bangkok, Amarin Printing & Publishing Co., Ltd. 2015. [In
Thai]
Gallucci, M., Mazzuco, S., Ongaro, F., Giorgi, E., Mecocci, P., Cesari, M., et al (2013). Body
mass index, lifestyles, physical performance and cognitive decline: the “Treviso
Longeva (TRELONG)” study. Journal of Nutrition Health Aging. 17, 378-384.
Han, Y., Li, S., Zheng, Y. (2008).Predictors of nutritional status among community-
dwelling older adults in Wuhan China. Public Health Nutrition, 12(8), 1189-1196.
Kaewanuchit C. (2013). Health determinants and social determinants of health under global
and thai health system. Journal of Nursing Science & Health, 36(1), 123 - 131[In Thai]
Laura C. (2002). Food and emotion. Behavioral Processes.
Maity, B., De. S., Saha, I., Sen, M., Chaudhuri, D. (2015). Association between nutritional
Statusaccording to mini nutritional assessment and body mass index for
Communitydwelling elderly women in Kolkata, India. International Journal of
Science and Research. 4, 46-47.
Manders, M., Vasse, E., Groot, L., Staveren, W.A., Bindels, J.G., Bloom, H.J. (2006).
Homocysteine andcognitive function in institutionalized elderly. European
Journal of Nutrition. 45,70-78.
Miller, J.W., Green, R., Ramos, M.I., Allen, L.H., Mumgas, D.M., Jagust, W.J. (2003).
Homocysteine andcognitive function in the sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 78, 441-447.
Ministry of Public Health.Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medical
Services,(2014). Standard Guideline for Quality Elderly Clinic. (internet, retrieved
April 22, 2020 from http://www.agingthai.org). [In Thai]
Muangpaisan,W., Petcharat, C., and Srinonprasert, V. (2012).Prevalence of potentially
reversible conditions in dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a geriatric
clinic. Geriatrics and Gerontology International, 12, 59–64.
Muangpaisan, W. (2014). Nutrition management for the elderly. 1st Ed. Thai Society
of Gerontology of Geriatric Medicine. Bangkok. [In Thai]
Naglaa, A., El-Sherbiny, Younis, A., Masoud, M. (2016). A Comprehensive assessment of
the physical, nutrition and psychological health status of the elderly populace in Fayoum governorate. Archives of Gerontology Geriatrics. 66, 119-126.
National Statistical Office. (2018). Situation of the Thai elderly. Retrieved from
http://www.nso.go.th/ sites/2014 [In Thai]
Nilmanat, K., Naka, K., Kong-in, W., Sai-jew, A., Chailungka, P., and Boonphadh, P.
(2013). Nutritional Conditions of Elderly People in the Three Southernmost
Border Provinces. Thai Journal of Nursing Council. 28(1) 75-84. [In Thai]
Oyazun-Gonzalez, XA., Taylor, KC., Myers, SR., Muldoon, SB., Baumgartner, RN. (2015).
Cognitive decline and polypharmacy in an elderly population. Journal of
American Geriatrics Society. 63, 397-399.
Pitantananukune, P., Rajatanun, B. (2019). Nutritional Status and Factors Related to
Nutritional Status of Elderly Living in the Community. Journal of SakonNakhon
Hospital. 22(1), 1-13. [In Thai]
Pongpaew, P., Tungtrongchitr, R., Phonrat, B., Vudhivai, N., Jintaridhi, P., Vorasanta, S.,
Chantaranipapong, Y.,Supawan, V., ViroonudompholD., Tribunyatkul, S., Tongboonchoo, C., Schelp, FP.(2000). Activity, dietary intake, and anthropometry of aninformal social group of Thai elderly in Bangkok. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 30, 245-260.
Prasat Neurological Institute,Medical Department. (2014). Clinical Practice Guidelines:
Dementia. 1st Ed. Institute of Neurology, Medical Department. [In Thai]
Prins, N.D., Heijer, T.D., Hofman, A., Koudstaal, P.J., Jolly. J., Clarke, R. (2002).
Homocysteine and cognitive function in the elderly The Rotterdam Scan Study.
Journal of Neurology. 59, 1375-1380.
Pruksa, S., and Sukprasert, W. (2018). Food consumption behaviors and nutrition
status of the elderly in Na-o sub-district, Muang district, Loei province. Journal
of the Office of DPC 7 KhonKaen. 25(3), 67-76. [In Thai]
Rubenstein, L.Z., Harker, J.O., Salva, S., Guigoz, Y., and Vellas, (2001). Screening for
undernutrition in geriatric practice: developing the short-form mini nutritional
assessment (MNA-SF). The Journal of Gerontology. 56, 366-377.
Samnieng, P., Ueno, M., Shinada, K., Zaitus, T., Wright, F.A., Kawaguchi, Y. (2011). Oral
health status and chewing ability is related to mininutritional assessment results in an older adult population in Thailand. Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics. 30, 291-304.
Sasat , S. (2011).Gerontological Nursing: Common Problems and Caring Guideline. 3rd
Ed.Chulalongkorn University Press. [In Thai]
Seshadri, S., Beiser, A., Selhub, J., Jacques P. F., Rosenberg, I. H., D’Agostino R. B.,
(2002). Plasma Homocysteine as a Risk Factor for Dementia and Alzheimer’s
Disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 346, 476-483.
Sriwichian,T. (2016).A Study of the Nutritional Status and the Factors Relating
Malnutrition Status of the Elderly Receiving Health Service from Pompet
Community Medical Center. .Journal of Preventive Medicine Association of
Thailand. 6(2), 119-130. [In Thai]
The National Statistical Office.(2014). Initial results report on the 2014. Survey on the Older persons in Thailand. Bangkok, Director Statistical Forecasting Bureau.
Vogel T, Dali-Youcef N, Kaltenbach G, Andres E. (2009). Homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate and cognitive functions: a systemic and critical review of the literature Journal of Clinical Practice, 63, 1061-1067.
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