Review of the Aetiology of Early Childhood Caries
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Oct 8, 2018
Keywords:
Early childhood caries ECC Aetiology of Early Childhood Caries Review of Early Childhood Caries
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Abstract
Without a full understanding of the aetiology of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), it is not possible to recommend appropriate interventions to prevent ECC. The extensive literature on the aetiology of ECC has been reviewed. Potential risk factors range from those inherent in the individual, such as genetic profile, to the environment, which influences family choices and behaviour. These have been considered in ten groups: genetics, saliva, nutrition, enamel hypoplasia, oral flora, oral hygiene and dental plaque, breast-feeding, sugar in bottles, dietary sugar, and family behaviour and environment. All of these have been shown to be related to the occurrence of ECC, although some risk factors appear to be much more important than others, and there are strong interactions and synergies between them. Most emphasis has been put on high and frequent consumption of dietary sugars, infant feeding practices, poor removal of dental plaque, and formation of a dental plaque flora which is particularly conducive to caries development – the growth of this plaque is strongly encouraged by poor plaque control and a high sugar diet. Reasons for these caries-inducing behaviours lie in the family – their own experiences, circumstances and lifestyles. However, the family, or carers, are subject to strong pressures which shape belief, attitude and behaviour. The use, or lack of use, of fluoride has not been discussed in this review. The beneficial role of fluoride in caries prevention is well-known, and lack of use of fluoride should be seen as an important risk factor for ECC.
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Rugg-Gunn A, Woodward M. Review of the Aetiology of Early Childhood Caries. Th Dent PH J [Internet]. 2018 Oct. 8 [cited 2024 Nov. 22];22(พิเศษ):14-43. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/ThDPHJo/article/view/149511
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