Association between betel quid chewing and oral health among females in rural Khon Kaen: Phase Il study.
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the association between betel quid chewing and oral health, using an existing data set. The study population comprised a total of 2,253 females, aged 31-86 years, residing in Chonnabot district, Khon Kaen province, Thailand during 1992-94. The data were obtained through oral examination and interview. The analyses employed descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression. Findings from the final multivariable logistic regression revealed the inverse association between betel quid chewing and dental caries controlling for missing teeth and periodontal pocket, with the odds ratio (95% CI) of 0.488 (0.395, 0.603), 3.053 (2.535, 3.677), and 1.236 (1.020, 1.498) for betel quid chewing, missing teeth and periodontal pocket, respectively. In addition, results from the other final multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that betel quid chewing was directly associated with periodontitis in the presence of several confounding factors including age, heavy debris deposit, missing teeth as well as a significant interaction between age and betel quid chewing, with the odds ratio (95% CI) of 13.361 (3.538, 50.454), 1.034 (1.013, 1.056), 1.019 (1.016, 1.023), 1.055 (1.041, 1.069) and 0.953 (0.931, 0.976) for betel quid chewing, missing teeth, heavy debris deposit, age and interaction between betel quid chewing and age, respectively. The findings indicated that although betel quid chewing may reduce dental caries, the fact that betel quid chewing was a risk indicator of periodontitis enhances the chance of increasing tooth loss. Therefore, preventive programs aiming at discouraging Thai people from chewing betel quid should be established to preserve favorable oral health and health status.
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