Button Battery Ingestion: An Analysis of 40 Pediatric Patients
Keywords:
button/disc/disk battery ingestion, endoscopic removalAbstract
Objective: Button battery ingestion poses a special problem in children because of its potential for significantmorbidity and mortality. It may leak or burst within 24 hours of ingestion and cause corrosive alkaline burn or poisoning
from heavy metal salt. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of
children with button battery ingestion over the last eight years at our institute.
Materials and Methods: Medical records of 40 patients who were admitted to Queen Sirikit National Institute
of Child Health due to button battery ingestion from January 2004 to December 2011 were reviewed. The diagnosis of
button battery ingestion was based on history, clinical symptoms, and results of radiological findings. Clinical data were
reviewed including demography, clinical manifestations, imaging findings, management, and outcome.
Results: Of the 40 patients, male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Approximately 50% of patients were under 2 years
of age (range, 8 months to 4 years). Only eight patients developed symptoms of dysphagia, vomiting or abdominal pain.
Thirty cases (75%) were brought to the hospital within six hours after button battery ingestion. One patient had a battery
impacted in the esophagus but spontaneously passed into the stomach. This button cell passed through the rectum three
days later. Twenty three cases had button batteries lodged in the stomach on admission. Sixteen cases underwent
gastroscopy with successful retrieval, whereas the remaining seven cases were conservatively treated. Button batteries
were lodged at the small and large intestine in 17 patients; these passed through the rectum successfully within two days.
There were no morbidity and mortality among these 40 patients.
Conclusions: Button battery ingestion is a common problem in children under five years of age. Batteries lodged
in the esophagus should be immediately treated by endoscopic removal. Treatment of button batteries lodged in the
stomach is controversial; either endoscopic removal or conservative management might be appropriate. Once the
button cells are found in the intestine, they will spontaneously pass through the rectum within two days in most cases.
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