Toxicity of Mitomycin C and 5-FU Regimen: Experience at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Keywords:
Mitomycin C, ToxicityAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the toxicities in patients receiving Mitomycin C (MMC) and 5-FU regimen.
Materials and Methods: Between October 2001 and September 2005, 199 medical records of patients treated with MMC and 5-FU regimen were reviewed. The regimen consisted of a bolus of MMC (10 mg/m2) on the first day and 5-FU (600 mg/m2/day) given as a continuous infusion for 5 days; these were repeated every 4 weeks for 6 cycles. Responses and toxicities were analyzed according to WHO criteria.
Results: The study population included a total of 199 patients; 122 males (61%) and 77 females (39%). Residents of Khon Kaen province comprised 21% of the study population, while those who lived outside the province constituted 79%. The age ranged from 15-70 years old (mean 52). Body surface area (BSA) averaged 1.51 m2. Only one-third of patients received a complete course of chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of toxicity between patients who received complete course of chemotherapy compared to those received incomplete course. Patients residing in Khon Kaen province were twice as likely to receive a complete course of chemotherapy as patients from outside (p = 0.04). Seventy-five percent of treated patients (150/199) developed toxicities during the courses of chemotherapy. Of these, gastrointestinal toxicities predominated (81%, 122/150) with nausea being the most common subtype, WHO severity grade II (56%, 68/122), followed by bone marrow suppression (43%, 65/150) with anemia being the most common subtype, WHO severity grade II (75%, 49/65).
Conclusions: The MMC and 5-FU regimen produced high toxicities. Most patients could not complete the regimen. Furthermore, economic constraints and difficulties in getting access to treatment facilities in this impoverished region also reduced compliance.
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