Life after Cancer Treatment: Fear of Recurrence among Thai Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Abstract
Background: After cancer treatment, cancer survivors have been living with fear of recurrence more than people with other kinds of illness. Because cancer is such a difficult illness to treat, there is a chance that it might come back again. Psychological consequence of fear that cancer recurrence could occur following transition from patient to survivor status may interfere and diminish their quality of life.
Objectives: The study was aimed at exploring and describing life after cancer treatment among Thai colorectal cancer survivors focusing on experiences surrounding fear of cancer recurrence.
Materials and Methods: The qualitative research method was employed to gain, in depth, qualitative data. By interviews and participant observation data, an understanding and explanation of this social phenomenon are hoped to be achieved. The participants of this study composed of 22 Thai colorectal cancer survivors who had completed over one year of cancer treatment. In-depth interviews, close observation and field notes were used to collect data. The constant comparative method was used to analyze the data collected as well as inductive and deductive approach. Through the use of this method in the analysis of data, patterns in the data/behavior can be ascertained and a general concept developed.
Results: Analysis of the data provided evidence supporting a distinct pattern in which the fear of cancer recurrence among Thai colorectal cancer survivors was coupled by the fear of death, the fear of re-treatment and the fear of suffering. Fear of recurrence always occurs when facing medical appointments, health deviation and arousing media. The intensity of fear of cancer recurrence varies and was dependent on time elapsed, but for some survivors the fear was constant throughout. The fear may effect daily life and induce hypersurveillance. As a result, coping strategies were identified. These strategies included deflecting bad thought through activities, self-control, self-entertaining, suppression, denying, positive thought, relying on treating physician, utilizing alternative prophylaxis, religious activity and increasing self-strength. Belief, faith and hope are crucial mechanisms in driving coping behaviors.
Conclusions: Fear of cancer recurrence may interfere with a cancer survivor's daily rituals and routines. Yet, a normal level of fear of recurrence may assist colorectal cancer survivors in controlling and adjusting to the situation and build a stronger sense of security. Focus on one's belief, faith and hope play an integral role in determining coping strategies and attaining life balance.
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