THE MUSIC OF RICE IN AMPHAWA

Abstract

             The aims of this research "The Music of Rice in Amphawa" are twofolds: (1) to study contexts of rice culture of Samut Songkhram province; and (2) to compose a set of a Thai music composition to celebrate and praise the existence of rice farming in Amphawa". Qualitative research is employed in gathering information from Thai musicians, rice farmers, Department of Agriculture officers, and local folk musicians in the province.  The research findings reveal that Amphawa remains a cradle of Thai arts and cultural heritage.  The composition in this study contains three sections and it is designed to be played by a Piphat ensemble.  The first section is dedicated to worship Mother Earth, Goddess of Water, and Goddess of Rice by farmers in Amphawa, Samut  Songkhram province.  The second section depicts life cycles of rice struggling to grow in natural environments. The third section celebrates success of rice harvest. Special rhythmic patterns of two-headed drums (Taphon) is arranged for ritual music in the first part.  Rhythmic patterns of double-headed drums (Klong-Khaek) in hok chan for the second part is newly composed.  The rhythmic patterns of Klong-Khaek and drums (Thon) in the third part are the integration of Thai music knowledge and indigenous songs of farmers in Amphawa. The traditional principle of employing pillar tones from original melodies is employed. The original melodies were selected from compositions by ancient music masters as well as a revival of Paungmalai song which has already vanished from Amphawa district of Samut Songkhram province.