Monkeypox: Prevalence, Diagnostics, and Prevention

Authors

  • Dhammika Leshan Wannigama Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Biofilms and Antimicrobial Resistance Consortium of ODA receiving countries, The University of Sheffield, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital and Ever Medical Technology Co., Ltd
  • Jeffrey Brown Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathogen Hunter’s Research Collaborative Team, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital
  • Parichart Hongsing Pathogen Hunter’s Research Collaborative Team, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, School of Integrative Medicine, Mae Fah Luang University, Department of Brain and Neurology, Mae Fah Luang University Hospital
  • Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen Pathogen Hunter’s Research Collaborative Team, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
  • Mohan Amarasiri Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene, Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University
  • Shuichi Abe Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital, Pathogen Hunter’s Research Collaborative Team, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital
  • Tanittha Chatsuwan Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Center of Excellence in Antimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathogen Hunter’s Research Collaborative Team, Department of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Yamagata Prefectural Central Hospital

Keywords:

Monkeypox virus, Tecovirimat, JYNNEOOS vaccine

Abstract

Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease that occurs mostly in the rain forests of central and western Africa. However, the disease recently emerged in the United Kingdom resident who had recently traveled to Nigeria. There are now more than 4100 confirmed infections in nearly 46 countries where outbreaks do not usually occur. Monkeypox virus is a double-stranded DNA virus that found to infect tissues ranging from the heart and brain to the ovaries and lymphoid tissue. It has a clinical presentation very similar to that of ordinary forms of smallpox, including flulike symptoms, fever, malaise, back pain, headache, and characteristic rash. Given this clinical spectrum, differential diagnosis to rule out smallpox is very important. There are no definitive therapies for human monkeypox; however, the smallpox vaccine can protect against the disease. Effective prevention relies on isolation of infected patients or animals, contact tracing, limiting the respiratory exposure to infected patients and ring vaccination with smallpox vaccine.

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Published

2022-08-22

How to Cite

Wannigama, D. L. ., Brown, J., Hongsing, P., Phattharapornjaroen, P., Amarasiri, M., Abe, S., & Chatsuwan, T. (2022). Monkeypox: Prevalence, Diagnostics, and Prevention. Greater Mekong Subregion Medical Journal, 2(3), 185–196. Retrieved from https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/gmsmj/article/view/259022

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 3 (2022): September-December

Section

Review Articles

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