Effects of Oral Supplement L-Theanine on Relaxation Indexed by Alpha Brainwave
Keywords:
L-Theanine, Brain, ElectroencephalogramRemove Electroencephalogram, Brain wave activity, Alpha wave, RelaxationAbstract
Background: This study used electroencephalography (EEG) to measure brain wave activity to investigate the physiological impact of L-theanine, an amino acid found naturally in green tea, on a state of relaxation.
Objective: The purpose was to assess whether L-Theanine supplementation enhances relaxation by modulating brain waves in healthy middle-aged adults. This study focused on how L-Theanine affected alpha wave activities in different brain regions.
Materials and Method: Thirty healthy middle-aged participants were randomly assigned to receive either 200 mg of oral L-Theanine or a placebo. EEG recordings were obtained at baseline and 90 minutes after intake.
Results: Even though the results weren’t statistically significant, there was a clear pattern of higher alpha wave power in the L-Theanine group, especially in the left frontal and parietal cortex 90 minutes after consumption, which suggests that they were more relaxed.
Conclusion: Despite the lack of statistical significance, the findings demonstrated that L-Theanine might modulate alpha wave activity. However, this finding may require further investigation with longer usage of L-theanine supplementation and extended observation periods.
References
Casimir J, Jadot J, Renard M. [Separation and characterization of N-ethyl-gammaglutamine from Xerocomus badius]. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1960; 39: 462-8. French. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-3002(60)90199-2.
Sakato Y. The Chemical Constituents of Tea: A New Amide Theanine. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 1949; 23: 262-7.
Li S, Zhang L, Wan X, Zhan J., Ho C.-T. Focusing on the recent progress of tea polyphenol chemistry and perspectives. Food Science and Human Wellness. 2022; 11 (3): 437-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.033
Park SK, Jung IC, Lee WK, Lee YS, Park HK, Go HJ, Kim K, Lim NK, Hong JT, Ly SY, Rho SS. A combination of green tea extract and l-theanine improves memory and attention in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Med Food. 2011; 14 (4): 334-43. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2009.1374.
Yoneda Y, Kuramoto N, Kawada K. The role of glutamine in neurogenesis promoted by the green tea amino acid theanine in neural progenitor cells for brain health. Neurochem Int. 2019; 129: 104505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104505.
Tamano H, Fukura K, Suzuki M, Sakamoto K, Yokogoshi H, Takeda A. Preventive effect of theanine intake on stress-induced impairments of hippocamapal long-term potentiation and recognition memory. Brain Res Bull. 2013; 95: 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2013.02.005.
Vuong QV, Bowyer MC, Roach PD. L-Theanine: properties, synthesis and isolation from tea. J Sci Food Agric. 2011; 91 (11): 1931-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4373.
Chu DC. Green tea-its cultivation, processing of the leaves for drinking materials, and kinds of green tea. Chemistry and Applications of Green Tea. 1997; 111.
Deng W, Ogita S, Ashihara H. Biosynthesis of theanine (γ-ethylaminol- glutamic acid) in seedlings of Camellia sinensis. Phytochemistry Letters. 2008; 1: 115-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2008.06.002
Hara Y. Elucidation of physiological functions of tea catechins and their practical applications, Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. 2012; 20 (1), 30. https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.2096
Janet, T.C., John, W.K., Thomas, K., Kelvin, M.O., & Francis, W.N. (2015). Effect of Seasons on Theanine Levels in Different Kenyan Commercially Released Tea Cultivars and Its Variation in Different Parts of the Tea Shoot. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 2015; 06 (15): 1450-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/fns.2015.615149
Sakato, Y. Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Tea : Part III. On a New Amide Theanine Nippon Nōgeikagaku Kaishi. 1950; 23 (6): 262-7. https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.23.262
Juneja LR, Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. Erratum: L-theanine - A unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans (Trends in Food Science and Technology. 1999; 10: 6-7 (199-204)). In Trends in Food Science and Technology (Vol. 10, Issue 12). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(00)00031-5
Ota M, Wakabayashi C, Matsuo J, Kinoshita Y, Hori H, Hattori K, Sasayama D, Teraishi T, Obu S, Ozawa H, Kunugi H. Effect of l-theanine on PPI. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014; 68 (5): 337-43. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12134
Evans M, McDonald AC, Xiong L, Crowley DC, Guthrie N. A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study to Investigate the Efficacy of a Single Dose of AlphaWave® l-Theanine on Stress in a Healthy Adult Population. Neurol Ther. 2021; 10 (2): 1061–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-021-00284-x
Harmon-Jones E, Allen JJB. Anger and frontal brain activity: EEG asymmetry consistent with approach motivation despite negative affective valence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1998; 74 (5): 1310-1316. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-514.74.5.1310
Aftanas LI, Golocheikine SA. Human anterior and frontal midline theta and lower alpha reflect emotionally positive state and internalized attention: Highresolution EEG investigation of meditation. Neuroscience Letters. 2001; 310 (1): 57-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(01)02094-8
Klimesch W, Sauseng P, Hanslmayr S. EEG alpha oscillations: the inhibitiontiming hypothesis. Brain Res Rev. 2007; 53 (1): 63-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2006.06.003.
Jensen O, Mazaheri A. Shaping functional architecture by oscillatory alpha activity: gating by inhibition. Front Hum Neurosci. 2010; 4:186. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2010.00186.
Chu DC, Okubo T, Nagato Y, Yokogoshi H. L-theanine - A unique amino acid of green tea and its relaxation effect in humans. Trends in Food Science and Technology. 1999; 10 (6-7): 199-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-2244(99)00044-8
Nobre AC, Rao A, Owen GN. L-theanine, a natural constituent in tea, and its effect on mental state. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008; 17(Suppl 1): 167-8.
Owen GN, Parnell H, De Bruin EA, Rycroft JA. The combined effects of L-theanine and caffeine on cognitive performance and mood. Nutr Neurosci. 2008; 11 (4): 193-8. https://doi.org/10.1179/147683008X301513.
Kakuda T, Nozawa A, Unno T, Okamura N, Okai O. Inhibiting effects of theanine on caffeine stimulation evaluated by EEG in the rat. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2000; 64 (2): 287-93. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.287.
Salthouse TA. When does age-related cognitive decline begin? Neurobiol Aging. 2009; 30 (4): 507-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.023.
Lu K, Gray MA, Oliver C, Liley DT, Harrison BJ, Bartholomeusz CF, Phan KL, Nathan PJ. The acute effects of L-theanine in comparison with alprazolam on anticipatory anxiety in humans. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2004; 19 (7): 457-65. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.611.
Sarris J, Byrne GJ, Cribb L, Oliver G, Murphy J, Macdonald P, Nazareth S, Karamacoska D, Galea S, Short A, Ee C, Birling Y, Menon R, Ng CH. L-theanine in the adjunctive treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: A double-blind, randomised, placebocontrolled trial. J Psychiatr Res. 2019; 110: 31-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.12.014.
Bazanova OM, Kondratenko AV, Kuzminova OI, Muravlyova KB, Petrova SE. EEG alpha indices depending on the menstrual cycle phase and salivary progesterone level. Hum Physiol. 2014; 40 (2): 140–8. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119714020030
Bröltzner CP, Klimesch W, Doppelmayr M, Zauner A, Kerschbaum HH. Resting state alpha frequency is associated with menstrual cycle phase, estradiol and use of oral contraceptives. Brain Research. 2014; 1577: 36-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.06.034
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Greater Mekong Subregion Medical Journal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.