Comparative Analysis of Phytochemical, Proximate, and Vitamin Composition of Selected Nigerian Medicinal Leaves
คำสำคัญ:
Medicinal leaves, Phytochemicals, Proximate, Vitaminsบทคัดย่อ
This study provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of seven underutilized Nigerian medicinal leaves that can be explored as preservatives in health-oriented meat products. Medicinal leaves are mostly cherished for their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in the medical sector; these properties potentially establish medicinal leaves as promising natural preservatives against microbial spoilage and lipid oxidation in meat products. Therefore, this study evaluated the phytochemical, proximate, and vitamin composition of seven Nigerian medicinal leaves harvested in Ejigbo, Osun State, namely: stonebreaker (SBL), guava (GL), scent (SL), moringa (ML), lemongrass (LG), hospital-too-far (HL), and miracle leaves (MIL). The leaves were washed with clean water, shade-dried at room temperature (24 oC) for 7 days, and ground into a powdery form for analysis. Phytochemical results show that flavonoids were high in SL (72.46 mg), MIL (72.64 mg), and ML (75.03 mg) with no significant (p > 0.05) difference. SL (98.55 mg) and MIL (98.78 mg) exhibited the highest phenols with no significant difference. The highest saponin was observed in ML (36.13 mg) and MIL (37.55 mg). Results for proximate analysis show that MIL (22.68%), SL (31.13%), and HL (21.78%) had the highest crude protein with no significant (p > 0.05) difference. The highest fat was found in MIL (5.61 mg), while HL had the least content of moisture (4.35%). Vitamin E was highest in SL (52.96 mg) and ML (56.45 mg) with no significant (p > 0.05) difference. The highest concentration of vitamin A was found in MIL (22.76 mg), GL exhibited highest vitamin B1 (1.47 mg), while SBL was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in vitamin D (35.08 mg). Phytochemical, proximate, and vitamin contents varied among medicinal leaves. Among the seven leaves, scent, moringa, and miracle consistently showed the highest concentrations of key phytochemicals, proximate, and vitamin contents.
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