Risk Behaviors of Chronic Kidney Disease: Perspectives of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

This phenomenological study aimed to explain the risk behaviors of Chronic Kidney Disease [CKD] using the perspectives of patients with CKD. Twenty-one patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension who had CKD complications were key informants with different stages of CKD, age, sex, and residential area. An in-depth interview method and nonparticipant observation were also conducted to collect data. Data were analyzed using themes. The results showed that participants at stages 3 and 4 CKD exhibited nine issues concerning risk behaviors and causes to CKD including 1) taking salty food, 2) using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 3) using medicinal herbs or bolus, 4) drinking alcohol regularly, 5) lacking continuous treatment, 6) being unaware of the presentation of CKD, 7) being unable to control blood pressure, 8) being unable to control blood sugar level and 9) having comorbidity. This study suggested that the results could be used as guidelines to manage an early-stage CKD screening program. It could also plan to manage risk behaviors and delay of the renal disease progression at an early stage.