Relationships between Osteoporosis Knowledge, Risk of Falls and Fall Prevention Behavior in Older Thai Females at Risk of Osteoporosis
Keywords:
Osteoporosis, Risk of falls, Fall preventive, Female older peopleAbstract
In an aging society, osteoporosis is a global concern, particularly in females. Osteoporosis not only leads to bone fragility and stress fractures, but also increases the risk of falls and fall-related injuries; these consequences detrimentally affect quality of life in older people. Promoting self-care and improving knowledge of risk factors and preventive behaviors are essential for enhancing quality of life. In community settings, however, insight information on osteoporosis knowledge, fall prevention behaviors and risk of falls are required for providing optimum care. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between osteoporosis knowledge, risk of falls and fall preventive behavior in older women at risk for osteoporosis.
The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital Mahidol University (ref: no. MURA 2019/136). One hundred and ten older women living in Ubon Ratchatani, Thailand, aged 60 years or older who were at risk for osteoporosis were assessed by using the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA). Those who met the inclusion criteria were recruited by stratified random sampling to participate in this study. The data were captured through interviews using structured questionnaires, which included a demographic questionnaire, a quiz related to the facts on osteoporosis, the Thai fall risk assessment test and the falls preventive behaviors questionnaire. Data collection was carried out from March to May 2018 and data were analyzed by using Spearman rank correlation. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The results revealed that the participants had a moderate level of osteoporosis knowledge (mean ± SD: 10.53 ± 2.71), 50.6% of the participants had a risk of falls (mean ± SD: 4.58 ± 2.62) and a high level of fall prevention behavior (mean ± SD:87.02±10.39). There was an inverse correlation between osteoporosis knowledge and risk of falls (r = -0.199, p = 0.037), but a positive correlation was observed between osteoporosis knowledge and fall prevention behavior (r = 0.329; p = 0.000). However, there was no significant correlation between the risk of falls and fall prevention behavior (r =-0.162; p =0.090).
Findings from this study provide valuable information for the healthcare team, which can facilitate an understanding of osteoporosis knowledge, risk of falls and fall prevention behavior among older women at risk of osteoporosis. This substantive information could be integrated to provide specific health promotion interventions for older women at risk for osteoporosis.
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