Detection of Bacteriophages Specific to Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Marine Water Samples, Surat Thani, Thailand

Authors

  • Kaknokrat Chonsin Public Health Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, THAILAND
  • Bussayamas Hemmanee Disaster Management Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, THAILAND
  • Ratchakorn Hongkul Public Health Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Suratthani Rajabhat University, Surat Thani, THAILAND
  • Kanjana Changkaew Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, THAILAND
  • Pirom Noisumdaeng Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, THAILAND
  • Orasa Suthienkul Faculty of Public Health, Thammasat University (Rangsit Center), Pathum Thani, THAILAND

Keywords:

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, shrimp pond water, estuarine water, seawater, environmental parameter, bacteriophage

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic bacterium commonly found in estuarine and marine water. It is a seafood-borne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis worldwide. V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophage is a virus that infects V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. The application of a bacteriophage that can eliminate pathogenic bacteria may decrease the severity of outbreaks. The objectives of this study were to determine water quality and isolate V. parahaemolyticus bacteriophage from various marine water environments. Ten marine water samples from Surat Thani province were examined, consisting of shrimp pond water (6 samples), estuarine water (1 sample), and seawater (3 samples). Each water sample was tested for physical quality using environmental parameters. Results revealed that temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and salinity were in the ranges of 25.6°C – 30.6°C, 7.26 – 8.64, 0.00 – 4.45 mg/L, (-)30 – 181 mV, and 1.0 – 30 ppt, respectively. Total viable bacterial counts on plate count agar (PCA) were in the ranges of 1.2x103 – 7.2x103 CFU/ml, 1.2x104 CFU/ml, and 1.8x106 – 2.5x106 CFU/ml for the six shrimp pond water, one estuary, and three seawater samples, respectively. Green colonies on Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose (TCBS) agar that were considered to be presumptive V. parahaemolyticus were enumerated; 2.2x102 CFU/ml was found in one shrimp pond water sample (P3). The results of environmental parameters and biological indicators were within the standard ranges prescribed by the guidelines of good practice for advanced shrimp culture, Department of Fisheries, Thailand. No bacteriophage specific to the shrimp pathogen V. parahaemolyticus was isolated from tested water samples using the double agar layer method. This preliminary study may benefit further alternative applications of bacteriophages to reduce the number of specific bacterial host cells in marine environments.

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Published

2021-04-30

Issue

Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021): (January-April 2021)

Section

Original Articles

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Creative Commons License CC-BY-ND