Effect of Smartphone Addiction, Self-Esteem, and Mental Health on Grit among Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Grit, Mental health, Self-esteem, Smartphone addiction, Nursing studentAbstract
Grit is a sense of strength, patience, and persistence which helps students to overcome challenges. It is considered as an indicator of academic success and well-being. However, research on factors associated with grit is limited, especially among nursing students. This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of smartphone addiction, self-esteem, and mental health on grit and grade point average (GPA) among nursing students in Thailand. A total of 989 nursing students completed a paper-based survey measuring smartphone addiction, self-esteem, depression, anxiety, stress, grit, GPA along with demographic items. Grit is negatively related to depression, anxiety, stress, and smartphone addiction (r = -.51, r = -.37, r = -.42, r = -.36, respectively, with p < 0.001), but positively associated with self-esteem (r = .56, p <0.001). The GPA was higher among the participants who reported fewer depressive symptoms (r = -.09, p < 0.001), higher self-esteem (r = .13, p < 0.001), and higher grit (r = .17, p <0.001). Self-esteem, smartphone addiction, and depression are the significant predictors for grit with adjusted R2 = 0.379, F (5,985) = 121.11, p <0.001. Class level and grit significantly predicted G.P.A with adjusted R2 = 0.140, F (5,850) = 28.755, p <0.001. Nursing programs as well as mental health professionals may routinely screen for psychological disturbance in nursing students who have potential risks for mental health and smartphone addiction. Health promotion programs to help nursing students manage their physical and mental health while building stronger grit may be the key to nursing students’ success.
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