THE EFFECT OF ACCENTUATED ECCENTRIC LOADING TRAINING ON LEG MUSCULAR PERFORMANCE IN YOUTH SPRINTERS
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare effects of accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) on leg muscular performance in youth short sprint athletes.
Method
Twenty female sprinters, age between 16 and 18 years old, from Angthong Sport School participated in this study. Before the experiment, all subjects underwent a resistance training program at a load of 60% 1 RM, twice a week for two weeks for familiarization. Thereafter, the participants were randomly assigned into 2 groups matched by 1RM relative back squat strength. The first experimental group (n=10), (AEL), performed an accentuated eccentric loading program consisted of 6 repetitions at a load of eccentric/concentric was 105/85 % 1RM with 3 sets in first and second week, 4 sets in third and fourth week and 5 sets in fifth and sixth week. The second was control group (n=10), (CON), performed practice according to the normal program. AEL group continued to train twice a week for a total of 6 weeks. Peak power, peak ground reaction force, peak velocity, relative strength, and 10,20,30 and 40-meters sprint time were measured before and after 6 weeks of training. Data were expressed as means±S.D. and were analyzed using independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test. The statistically significant was set at p-value < 0.05.
Results
The results demonstrated that after 6 weeks of training, the AEL presented significant increases in peak power, peak ground reaction force, peak velocity, relative strength, and decreases 10, 20, 30 and 40-meters sprint time (p<.05), while The CON showed improvements in relative strength and decreases 10, 20, 30 and 40-meters sprint time. Interestingly, The AEL revealed greater improvement in relative strength and 10 meters sprint time compared to The CON group.
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that accentuated eccentric loading have favorable effects on peak power, peak ground reaction force, peak velocity, relative strength, and 10, 20, 30 and 40-meters sprint time therefore be used as an adjunctive exercise program for improving leg muscular performance in youth t sprinters.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Aagaard, P., Simonsen, E.B., Andersen, J.L., Magnusson, P., & Dyhre-Poulsen, P. (2002). Increased Rate of Force Development and Neural Drive of Human Skeletal Muscle Following Resistance Training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(4), 1318-1326.
Bobbert, M.F., Gerritsen, K.G., Litjens, M.C., & Van Soest, A.J. (1996). Why Is Countermovement Jump Height Greater Than Squat Jump Height? Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 28, 1402-1412.
Bosch, F., & Klomp, K. (2001). Running: Biomechanics and Exercise Physiology Applied in Practice. Maarssen, The Netherlands: Churchill Livingstone.
Brandenburg, J. E., & Docherty, D. (2002). The Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Loading on Strength, Muscle Hypertrophy, And Neural Adaptations in Trained Individuals. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 16(1), 25-32.
Bruggemann, G., And Glad, B. Time Analysis of The Sprint Events. In G. Bruggemann, And B. Glad (Eds.) Scientific Research Project at The Game of Xxivth Olympiad-Seoul 1988, Internation Athletic Foundation, 1990: Pp.11-89
Chakshuraksha, P. (2021). The Effect of Accentuated Eccentric Complex Training on Leg Muscular Performance in Male Rugby Players. Master’s Thesis, Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University. Bangkok.
Chakshuraksha, P., & Apanukul, S. (2021). Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Loading Combined with Plyometric Training on Strength, Power, Speed, And Agility in Male Rugby Players. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 24(3), 21-29.
Cromie, P., Mcguigan, M. R., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Influence of Strength on Magnitude and Mechanisms of Adaptation to Power Training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 42(8), 1566-1581
Cronin, J. B., & Hansen, K. T. (2005). Strength and Power Predictors of Sports Speed. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 19(2), 349-357.
Cronin, J., Mcnair, P. J., & Marshall, R. N. (2001). Developing Explosive Power: A Comparison of Technique and Training. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 4(1), 59-70.
Cook, C. J., Beaven, C. M., & Kilduff, L. P. (2013). Three Weeks of Eccentric Training Combined with Overspeed Exercises Enhances Power and Running Speed Performance Gains in Trained Athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1280-1286.
Duchateau, J., & Enoka, R. M. (2016). Neural Control of Lengthening Contractions. Journal of Experimental Biology, 219(2), 197-204.
Dalleau, G., Belli, A., Viale, F., Lacour, J. R., & Bourdin, M. (2004). A Simple Method for Field Measurements of Leg Stiffness in Hopping. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(03), 170-176.
Douglas, J., Pearson, S., Ross, A., & Mcguigan, M. (2017). Eccentric Exercise: Physiological Characteristics and Acute Responses. Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 47(4), 663-675.
Friedmann-Bette, B., Bauer, T., Kinscherf, R., Vorwald, S., Klute, K., Bischoff, D., Müller, H., Weber, M.A., Metz, J., Kauczor, H.U., Bärtsch, P., & Billeter, R. (2010). Effects of Strength Training with Eccentric Overload on Muscle Adaptation in Male Athletes. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 108(4), 821-836.
Godard, M.P., Wygand, J.W., Carpinelli, R.N., Catalano, S., & Otto, R.M. (1998). Effects of Accentuated Eccentric Resistance Training on Concentric Knee Extensor Strength. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 12(1), 26-29.
Hortobagyi, T., Devita, P., Money, J., & Barrier, J. (2001). Effects of Standard and Eccentric Overload Strength Training in Young Women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33(7), 1206-1212.
Haff, G.G., & Nimphius, S. (2012). Training Principles for Power. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(6), 2-12.
John, A., Glendenning, A. C., Marchant, A., Montgomery, P., Stewart, A., Wood, S., Lloyd, K., & Hawton, K. (2018). Self-Harm, Suicidal Behaviours, and Cyberbullying in Children and Young People: Systematic Review. Journal of medical Internet research, 20(4), e129. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9044
Komi, P.V., & Bosco, C. (1978). Utilization of Stored Elastic Energy in Leg Extensor Muscles by Men and Women. Medicine and Science in Sports, 10(4), 261-265.
Lindstedt, S.L., Lastayo, P.C., & Reich, T.E. (2001). When Active Muscles Lengthen: Properties and Consequences of Eccentric Contractions. Physiology, 16(6), 256-261.
Moore, C.A., Weiss, L.W., Schilling, B.K., Fry, A.C., & Li, Y. (2007). Acute Effects of Augmented Eccentric Loading on Jump Squat Performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(2), 372-377.
Nelson, M. (2023). Using Genetic Testing in Order to Improve Retention Rates in Youth Sports.
Phungern, A., & Yimlamai, T. (2021). Effects of Plyometric and Eccentric Training on Achilles Tendon Stiffness in Male Long-Distance Runners. Journal of Sports Science and Health. 22(2), 217-229.
Schoenfeld, B.J. (2010). The Mechanisms of Muscle Hypertrophy and Their Application to Resistance Training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(10), 2857-2872.
Weineck, J. (1990). Functional Anatomy in Sports. 2nd Ed. St. Louis: Mosby-Year Book.