Comparison of infection rates after treatment of zygomatic fracture between groups with and without postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis
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Abstract
The objectives of this study were 1) to compare rates of infection after the zygomatic fracture treatment between groups with and without postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, 2) to study the factors affecting the postoperative infection of zygomatic fracture, and 3) to study the undesirable effect of antibiotics used. This retrospective cohort study was conducted by collecting the data from medical record reviews of 221 patients whose fractures zygoma were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery from October 2013 to February 2019. The samples were divided into 2 groups. The first group did not receive postoperative antibiotic prophylax is. The second group received postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The sample data included general information, classification of wound, antibiotics prescription, and surgical site infection classified by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as the unwilling effect of antibiotic used. For the results, a total study of 221 patients was 76.0% male and 24.0% female, with an average age of 31.3 ± 12.6 years. The first group (68 patients, 30.8%) did not receive post-operative antibiotic prophylaxis, whereas the second group (153 patients, 69.2%) received post-operative antibiotic prophylaxis. The results from this study showed that the infection rate of the first group who did not receive postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was 4.41%, whereas the infection rate of the second group who received postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was 1.96%, with no significant difference between the two groups. No correlations with surgical wound infection were found in genders, age, body mass index, smoking, types of fracture, classification of wound, surgical site, and orbital reconstruction. New patients with type IV antibiotic allergy (cefazolin, dicloxacillin, amoxicillin) were reported with 1.36% incidence. For conclusion, the zygomatic fracture patients had a low incidence of postoperative infection. The rational use of antibiotics should be concerned in surgical prophylaxis.
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