Direction and distance of retained root migration after lower third molar coronectomy
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Abstract
The present study evaluated the pattern of root migration following coronectomy of the mandibular third molar in terms of distance, degree of rotation, and relevant factors related to root migration. This retrospective study included 50 coronectomies in 44 patients with at least 1-year follow-up. Panoramic radiographs were taken preoperatively, immediate postoperation and at 3, 6, 12 months postoperatively. Multiple factors were possibly related to root migration, we analyzed sex, age, tooth status, angulation, class and position as Winter’s and Pell & Gregory’s classifications including figure of root(s) and residual alveolar bone height. Over the first 3 months after the coronectomies, all retained roots moved and/or changed their root axes. The mean distance of retained root migration in the horizontal (C1), coronal (C2), and oblique (C3) directions during the first year postoperatively was 3.14 ± 1.86 mm, 2.42 ± 1.61 mm, and 3.45 ± 1.76 mm, respectively. The mean (± SD) root axis change was 11.3 ± 5.55 degrees. The significant influencing factors related to root migration were sex, age, and in particular tooth angulation (GEE: p < 0.05). The mesio- and horizontal angulation (M, H) group migrated significantly further horizontally forward (C1) over time than the vertical (V) and distoangulation (D) group. The V, D group showed greater coronal migration (C2) than the M, H group. The V, D group had only mesial rotation. These findings could contribute to evaluation and/or planning for root removal.
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