Development and Results Evaluation of Nursing Supervisory Model in Office-Time of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Psychiatric Services Using Principles of the GROW Model and Proctor’s Model

Abstract

Introduction: Clinical nursing supervision conducted by nursing supervisors during official working hours has lacked a clearly defined model or structured framework.

Research Objectives: To develop a nursing supervision model for official working hours, and to evaluate its outcomes and the perceived level of benefit among supervisees.

Research Methodology: This study employed an action research design comprising four core activities: planning for positive change, implementing the plan, observing, and reflecting, conducted across two action cycles. The first and second core activities were guided by the GROW Model integrated with Proctor's Model. The study population consisted of seven professional nurses serving as ward heads and unit supervisors. Outcome measures included a nursing process coverage assessment tool, a quality assessment tool for content and language in nursing documentation, a supervision record logbook, a risk incident database, and a complaint database. Data were analyzed using frequency and percentage statistics.

Results: 1) The nursing supervision model for official working hours comprised three steps: supervision planning, supervision implementation, and supervision evaluation. 2) Supervision outcomes revealed that the number of risk incidents at level D and above required improvement; service behavior complaints fell below the expected level; nursing process coverage reached 80–85%, exceeding expectations; accuracy and completeness of nursing documentation ranged from moderate to high; and 21 academic works were selected for presentation, rated as outstanding. 3) The perceived benefit of supervision was rated at the highest level by 71.4% of participants.

Conclusion: The nursing supervision model for official working hours, integrating the GROW Model with Proctor's Model, enabled supervisees to gain maximum benefit. The systematic supervision approach produced quality improvements in nursing work outcomes, and supervisees perceived the benefits of supervision at the highest level.

Implications: The nursing supervision model for official working hours, developed using the GROW Model integrated with Proctor's Model, should be implemented as part of routine nursing practice.