The Loei’s centenarian: long life with happiness

Abstract

Introduction: An ethnographic study of centenarians, examining their ways of life, health behaviors, and health determinants, offers valuable insight into the factors that contribute to longevity and a fulfilling, happy life.

Research Objectives: To conduct an ethnographic study of the lifestyle and health determinants of centenarians residing in Loei Province.

Research Methodology: This study employed an ethnographic research design exploring the lifestyle and health determinants of centenarians in Loei Province. The key informants consisted of six centenarians. Data collection was conducted between March and July 2025 using ethnographic research instruments, including in-depth interviews, structured observation, and participatory daily life engagement, resembling a family immersion approach, to gain an insider's perspective. Triangulation was applied to verify data accuracy, followed by content analysis, interpretive synthesis, and lesson documentation. Findings were returned to informants for member checking and confirmation of accuracy.

Results: Centenarians in Loei Province displayed genetic characteristics with no evidence of chronic disease. They were notably lean, with a body mass index below 18 kg/m², and maintained a cheerful disposition. Their diet favored low-fat local foods, seasonal fruits with minimal sweetness, and ripe bananas with sticky rice. They lived within warm, close-knit family environments, surrounded by clean, pollution-free settings with fresh mountain breezes. Their reliance on formal healthcare services was minimal. Daily physical activity arose naturally through outdoor agricultural work, with no reported history of structured exercise. Female centenarians commonly chewed betel nut, while male centenarians reported drinking alcohol and smoking hand-rolled cigarettes.

Conclusion: Lifestyle and health determinants are the key factors that directly affect well-being. Appropriate health promotion helps elderly individuals achieve a good quality of life and live longer with quality.  

Implication: Health determinants should be applied in other areas by adapting behaviors to align with community contexts, in order to create a framework that enables elderly individuals to live happily and sustainably.