การพัฒนาและศึกษาประสิทธิผลของรูปแบบการเสริมพลังครอบครัวในการจัดการแผลกดทับ  สำหรับผู้ป่วยติดเตียงในชุมชน อำเภอเมืองเลย จังหวัดเลย

Nittaya  Molyoopanao; Sunisa  Kumprasit; Chulikon Thathong; Chanya Chantababpasee

Authors

Nittaya Molyoopanao โรงพยาบาลเลย
Sunisa Kumprasit โรงพยาบาลเลย
Chulikon Thathong โรงพยาบาลเลย
Chanya Chantababpasee -

Keywords:

Family Empowerment, Pressure Ulcer, Bedridden Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Empowering families to manage pressure injuries plays a meaningful role in promoting wound healing and preventing the recurrence of pressure injuries in bedridden patients.

Research Objectives: To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a family empowerment model for pressure injury management among bedridden patients living in the community.

Research Methodology: This study utilized a research and development design. Two sample groups were included, bedridden patients and their caregivers, with 29 participants in each group. The study was conducted across four phases: 1) situational analysis, 2) model development, 3) effectiveness evaluation, and 4) implementation, over a total period of six months. The research instruments consisted of: 1) a family empowerment model, 2) a pressure injury risk assessment tool, 3) a personal data recording form, 4) a perceived empowerment assessment tool, 5) a practice assessment tool, 6) a satisfaction assessment tool, and 7) a pressure injury healing and progression assessment tool. All instruments demonstrated a content validity index of 1.0 and reliability coefficients ranging from .80 to .91. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and chi-square tests.

Results: The family empowerment model for community-based pressure injury management effectively enhanced caregivers' perceived sense of empowerment, equipping them with improved knowledge, skills, and confidence in wound care. Complete risk assessments were conducted in 96.55% of cases, and overall satisfaction with the model reached 92.87%. In terms of effectiveness, caregivers demonstrated a statistically significant increase in mean perceived empowerment scores for pressure injury management following the implementation of the model (t = −31.011, p < .001). Additionally, the rate of new pressure injury prevention, or the healing of existing wounds by at least one severity stage, improved significantly among patients (χ² = 28.077a, p < .05).

Conclusion: The family empowerment model for pressure injury management successfully enhanced caregivers' perceived empowerment, ultimately contributing to both the prevention and healing of pressure injuries in bedridden patients within community settings.

Implication: This model may be applied in community-based care settings to support both the prevention and management of pressure injuries. Future research is encouraged to extend the intervention period to evaluate long-term clinical outcomes more comprehensively.

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