Influencing self-care behaviors and self-care confidence to glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a secondary hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province
Keywords:
Self-care behaviors, Self-care confidence, Glycemic control, Type 2 diabetes mellitus patientsAbstract
This correlational predictive study aimed to investigate the influence of self-care behaviors and self-care confidence on glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A simple random sampling method was used to recruit the sample of 155 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were receiving treatment at the outpatient department of a secondary hospital in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. Research instruments included questionnaires to gather data for self-care behavior of chronic illness and the self-care self-efficacy, with Cronbach alpha coefficients of 0.71 and 0.93, respectively. Data were collected during the period of June to July 2024. Descriptive statistics and standard multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data.
The results revealed that glycemic control, both fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, were significantly (p < .01) correlated with self-care maintenance (r = -.390, r = -.380, respectively), self-care monitoring (r = -.414, r = -.399, respectively), self-care management (r = -.286, r = -.369, respectively), and self-care confidence (r = -.329, r = -.360, respectively). Furthermore, the significant predictors of fasting blood sugar levels were self-care maintenance (β = -.247), self-care monitoring (β = -.207), and self-care confidence (β = -.201). These predictors could together explain 23.1% of the variance in fasting blood sugar levels. (Adjusted R2 = .231, p < .001). And the significant predictors of glycated hemoglobin levels were self-care monitoring (β = -.198) and self-care confidence (β = -2.419). These predictors could together explain 24.9% of the variance in glycated hemoglobin levels among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (Adjusted R2 = .249, p < .001).
These research findings should be utilized to develop programs that promote self-care behaviors, focusing on self-care maintenance, self-care monitoring, and self-care management, as well as enhancing self-care confidence to better glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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