ปัจจัยทำนายพฤติกรรมการป้องกันภาวะเบาหวานในสตรีตั้งครรภ์ที่มีความเสี่ยงต่อภาวะเบาหวานขณะตั้งครรภ์

Supansa Heedman; Tatirat Tachasuksri; Wantana Suppaseemanont

Authors

Supansa Heedman Student of Master of Nursing Science Program Midwifery Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University
Tatirat Tachasuksri Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University
Wantana Suppaseemanont Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University

Keywords:

Diabetes preventive behavior, Gestational diabetes mellitus, Pregnant women at risk

Abstract

This study aimed to study factors predicting diabetes preventive behavior among 160 pregnant women being at risk of diabetes who received antenatal care at two hospitals in Chonburi. The sample was selected by simple random sampling. Data were collected by questionnaires developed and modified from the concept of health beliefs model between October 2024 and March 2025. Research instruments were questionnaires related to diabetes preventive behavior, perceived gestational diabetes mellitus risk, perceived GDM severity, perceived preventive-behavior benefit, perceived preventive-behavior barrier, perceived preventive-behavior self-efficacy, and social support. Content validity indices ranged from .86 to 1.0 and the reliability ranged from .74 to .94. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and standard multiple regression.

Study resulted that participants had GDM preventive behavior at a moderate level (M = 43.81, SD = 7.68). Perceived GDM risk, Perceived GDM severity, Perceived preventive-behavior benefit, Perceived preventive-behavior barrier, Perceived preventive-behavior self-efficacy, and Social support jointly explained 23% (R² = .230, F_(6,160) = 7.630, p = .003) of the variance in preventive behavior. However, perceived self-efficacy (β = .24, p = .003) and social support (β = .22, p = .005) mostly influenced preventive behavior. Thus, nurses taking care of pregnant women would promote women’s GDM preventive behavior by encouraging their perceived self-efficacy and their social support in order to decrease GDM occurrence.

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