Development of the Health Literacy and Family Support Model to enhance Hypertension Preventive Behaviors and Control Blood Pressure among Persons with Pre-Hypertension in Phetchaburi Province
Keywords:
Model Development, Health Literacy, Family Support, Persons with Pre-HypertensionAbstract
This research and development study aimed to 1) examine health literacy, family support, and hypertensive behaviors in persons with pre-hypertension through quantitative research involving 307 participants, employing descriptive analysis, and qualitative research involving 20 pre-hypertensive persons analyzed using content analysis; 2) develop the Health Literacy and Family Support Model for persons with pre-hypertension; 3) evaluate the model through quasi-experimental research using a two-group pretest-posttest design, with experimental and control groups comprising 30 individuals each. Research tools included in-depth interviews, a health literacy questionnaire, a satisfaction questionnaire, and a blood pressure monitor. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests.
The research revealed that the Health Literacy and Family Support Model for pre-hypertensive individuals comprised five activities: Activity 1 - “SermRuk,” involving access to information, understanding data, and its application within the family; Activity 2 – enhancing communication and self-management within the family; Activity 3 – promoting media literacy and decision-making with the family; Activity 4 – follow-up through an online application; and Activity 5 – appreciating success. Statistically significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups in terms of hypertension prevention behaviors among persons with pre-hypertension (t=1.30, p<.001). The experimental group exhibited significantly lower average systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels compared to the control group (t=4.34, p<.05; t=2.84, p<.05, respectively). The satisfaction level of pre-hypertensive persons after receiving the model was exceptionally high, with an average of 4.63. This study suggests that nurses and health workers can utilize the model to promote hypertension preventive behaviors and control blood pressure in persons with pre-hypertension.
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