A study to assess knowledge, awareness, and sodium consumption behavior among hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus and population without diabetes mellitus in Kham Nang Ruai Tai Village, Village No. 7, Kham Nam Saep Subdistrict, Warin Chamrap District Ubon Ratchathani Province.

การศึกษาความรู้ ความตระหนักและพฤติกรรมการบริโภคอาหารที่มีโซเดียมของประชากรในเขตหมู่บ้านคำนางรวยใต้หมู่7 ตำบลคำน้ำแซบ อำเภอวารินชำราบ จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี

Abstract

The problem of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is likely to increase continuously.  Raising awareness of the population about how to reduce high-sodium food consumption behavior is the way to reduce this problem. This research aims to study the knowledge, awareness, and behavior of sodium food consumption. Random sampling was conducted for collecting data including over 30-years people who actually live in Kham Nang Ruay Tai village, moo. 7, Kham Nam Zap sub-district, Warin Chamrap district, Ubon Ratchathani province, a total of 122 people was collected the data by using a general information questionnaire, knowledge and awareness questionnaire about salt and sodium intake, sodium consumption behavior. Descriptive statistics; the validity of questionnaires was CVI: 0.95, 0.80, 0.81 respectively. The reliability of knowledge and awareness questionnaires was shown with Alpha Cronbach = 0 .72 and 0.70 respectively. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Comparing the difference of mean was done by independent t-test statistics. The results were as follows: 1) The knowledge and awareness about salt and sodium consumption was 46.30% (low level). knowledge and awareness of the participants who had diabetes and hypertension were 55.53%, which was greater than the non-diabetes, non-hypertension persons (45.53%). T-test statistics used to analyze the average knowledge awareness of two groups (= 1.41, S.D. = 0.46, = 1.45, S.D. = 0.46). There were no statistical differences between groups 2) The average sodium consumption behavior in both groups was at a moderate level, there were no statistically different (= 1.96, S.D. = 0.71, = 2.05, S.D. = 0.68). Compared data by t-test statistics of the average individual behavioral differences for both groups found that there was 1 item: Item number 7 indicated that the participants always read the nutrition label for looking the sodium content information (= 2.06, S.D. = 0.96, = 1.54, S.D. = 0.70), there was a statistically significant difference (P-value < 0.05). There are some recommendations: 1) public health providers should be promoted to people to have more knowledge and awareness about reducing sodium consumption. 2) suggestion the consumers about how to read food labels. 3) recommendation specific food for specific patients who need to limit sodium such as diabetes, hypertension and chronic kidney disease, etc., moreover, should study about the factors affecting the behavior of the sodium consumption.