Incidence and risk factors of post-anesthetic hypotension among one-day surgery patients, Bangbuathong hospital, Nonthaburi, 2019-2022

Abstract

Post-anesthetic hypotension following one-day surgery was investigated within the scope of this study. The primary objective was to examine the incidence and risk factors associated with post-anesthetic hypotension among patients undergoing one-day surgery at Bangbuathong Hospital. Data collection spanned from October 2019 to June 2022. The study also aimed to outline patient characteristics and ascertain correlation coefficients among the factors under investigation. Furthermore, the Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were utilized to assess differences between patient groups that experienced post-anesthetic hypotension and those that did not, focusing on nominal data. Continuous data underwent analysis through the Student T, Rank Sum, and Kruskal Wallis tests. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors influencing post-anesthetic hypotension. The results revealed a post-anesthetic hypotension incidence of 21.10%. Notably, the type of treatment and sex exhibited a strong correlation (correlation coefficient > 0.70) with the incidence rate. Additionally, significant differences were observed in gender, treatment type, sedation method, age, mean preoperative pulse rate, and operation duration between the patient groups (p-value < 0.05). Identified risk factors encompassed advanced age, prolonged operation duration, male gender with a preoperative pulse rate below 70 beats per minute, and deep sedation. Subsequently, after accounting for other variables, male gender and preoperative pulse rate below 70 beats per minute retained their significance as risk factors. In summary, the incidence of post-anesthetic hypotension was determined to be 21.10%, with significant risk factors being male gender, older age, lengthier operation duration, preoperative pulse rate below 70 beats per minute, and deep sedation. Anesthesiologists should exercise heightened vigilance when monitoring hypotension in elderly male patients, particularly those with a low preoperative pulse rate (below 70 beats per minute). This emphasis is especially crucial for patients undergoing extended surgical procedures, receiving deep sedation, and undergoing one-day surgery treatment.