The Effect of Self-Management Exercise Program on Physical Fitness among People with Prehypertension and Obesity: A Quasi Experiment Study
Keywords:
Exercise, Obesity, Physical fitness, Prehypertension, Self-managementAbstract
Lack of exercise related to poor self-management can lead to a low level of physical fitness in people with prehypertension and obesity. Self-management has the potential to enhance exercise performance with moving people from the beginning of behavior change to action and maintenance behavior. This study investigated the effect of the Self-Management Exercise Program on physical fitness in persons with prehypertension and obesity developed by primary investigator. A total of 32 participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n=16) receiving the Self-Management Exercise Program and the control group (n=16) receiving conventional care. Physical fitness was evaluated by the 3-minute step test, 60 second chair stand, and sit and reach test at baseline and 12-week. Data analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Independent t-test, and Paired t-test.
The results demonstrated that the experimental group had significantly higher physical fitness compared to before the program; and significantly higher than those compared to the control group. The Self-Management Exercise Program is effective and improves physical fitness in people with prehypertension and obesity including cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, and flexibility. Nurses can apply the program to enhance physical fitness in this population by increasing exercise behavior through self-management skills. Further study is needed to confirm whether the physical fitness increases over an extended time using the program.
References
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33. Reed JL, Pipe AL. The talk test: A useful tool for prescribing and monitoring exercise intensity. Current Opinion in Cardiology. 2014; 29(5): 475-80.
34. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychological Bulletin. 1992; 112(1):155-9.
35. Akoko BM, Fon PN, Ngu RC, Ngu KB. Knowledge of hypertension and compliance with therapy among hypertensive patients in the Bamenda Health District of Cameroon: A cross-sectional study. Cardiology and Therapy. 2017; 6(1): 53-67.
36. Methakanjanasak P, Methakanjanasak N, Sajja S. The effect of exercise self-management on physical fitness and blood pressure among adults with prehypertension. Journal of Nursing and Health Care. 2014; 32(3): 40-49.
37. Thutsaringkarnsakul S, Aungsuroch Y, Jitpanya C. Selfmanagement program on blood pressure control in Thai hypertensive patients at risk for stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Health Research. 2012; 26(5): 243-249.
38. Suwankruhasn N, Pothiban L, Panuthai S, Boonchuang P. Effects of a self-management support program for Thai people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research. 2013; 17(4): 371-83.
39. Conn VS, Hafdahl AR, Mehr DR. Interventions to increase physical activity among healthy adults: meta-analysis of outcomes. American Journal of Public Health. 2011; 101(4): 751-8.
40. Brady TJ, Murphy L, O’Colmain BJ, Beauchesne D, Daniels B, Greenberg M, et al. Peer reviewed: A meta-analysis of health status, health behaviors, and health care utilization outcomes of the chronic disease self-management program. Preventing Chronic Disease. 2013; 10: 1-14.
2. World Health Organization. The Asia-Pacific perspective: Redefining obesity and its treatment. Melbourne: Health Communications; 2000.
3. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s healthrelated physical fitness assessment manual. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2014.
4. Niemann C, Godde B, Voelcker-Rehage C. Not only cardiovascular, but also coordinative exercise increases hippocampal volume in older adults. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2014; 6: 1-12.
5. Pescatello LS. Effects of exercise on hypertension. New York: Springer; 2015.
6. National Statistical Office. The 2015 physical activity survey. Bangkok: National Statistical Office; 2015.
7. Hoare E, Stavreski B, Jennings GL, Kingwell BA. Exploring motivation and barriers to physical activity among active and inactive Australian adults. Sports. 2017; 5(3): 1-8.
8. Corbin CB, Le Masurier G. Fitness for Life. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2014.
9. Mansfield A, Knorr S, Poon V, Inness EL, Middleton L, Biasin L, et al. Promoting Optimal Physical Exercise for Life: An Exercise and Self-Management Program to Encourage Participation in Physical Activity after Discharge from Stroke Rehabilitation: A Feasibility Study. Stroke Research and Treatment. 2016; 30: 1-5.
10. Garnett A, Ploeg J, Markle-Reid M, Strachan PH. SelfManagement of Multiple Chronic Conditions by Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Concept Analysis. SAGE Open Nursing. 2018; 4: 1-16.
11. Wattanakul S, Theeraviwat M, Imamee N, Tansakul S. Learning program for self-management on diet and exercise of persons with pre-hypertension, Burirum province. Journal of Public Health Nursing. 2013; 27(1): 52-61.
12. Walsh NE, Mitchell HL, Reeves BC, Hurley MV. Integrated exercise and self-management programmes in osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: a systematic review of effectiveness. Physical Therapy Reviews. 2006; 11(4): 289-97.
13. Kanfer FH, Goldstein AP. Helping people change: A textbook of methods. Pergamon Press; 1991.
14. Thatsaeng B, Lasuka D, Khampolsiri T. Effects of a selfmanagement supporting program on self-management behaviors and blood pressure among elders with hypertension. Nursing Journal. 2012; 39(4): 124-137
15. Song HY, Nam KA. Effectiveness of a stroke risk selfmanagement intervention for adults with prehypertension. Asian Nursing Research. 2015; 9(4): 328-35.
16. Chaiwong, C, Sumethanurakkhakul, W, Raknatee, D, Warawitsaranggoon, Prayoonsirisak. The effect of selfmanagement program on physical fitness and pain among people with knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Nursing and Health Care. 2016; 34 (4): 133-41.
17. Pettman TL, Misan GM, Owen K, Warren K, Coates AM, Buckley JD, et al. Self-management for obesity and cardio-metabolic fitness: Description and evaluation of the lifestyle modification program of a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2008. 5(1): 1-15.
18. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
19. Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee IM, et al. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: guidance for prescribing exercise. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 2011; 43(7): 1334-59.
20. Faselis C, Doumas M, Kokkinos JP, Panagiotakos D, Kheirbek R, Sheriff HM, et al. Exercise Capacity and Progression from Prehypertension to Hypertension Novelty and Significance. Hypertension. 2012; 60(2): 333-8.
21. Rasamejam, P, Akaratanapol, P, Durongritichai, V. Factors predicting prehypertension and non-essential hypertension in Thai adult at Naklier community, Prasamutjedee, Samutprakarn province. Journal of Public health Nursing. 2013; 27(1): 103-114.
22. Guo X, Zhang X, Hu J, Sun Y, Zheng L, Sun Z, Zou L, Li J. The prevalence and heterogeneity of prehypertension: A meta-analysis and meta-regression of published literature worldwide. Cardiovascular Journal of Africa. 2012; 3(1): 44-50.
23. Landsberg L, Aronne LJ, Beilin LJ, Burke V, Igel LI, Lloyd‐Jones D, et al. Obesity‐related hypertension: Pathogenesis, cardiovascular risk, and treatment: A position paper of The Obesity Society and the American Society of Hypertension. Obesity. 2013; 21(1): 8-24.
24. Jang SY, Ju EY, Choi S, Seo S, Kim DE, Kim DK, et al. Prehypertension and obesity in middle-aged Korean men and women: the third Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES III) study. Journal of Public Health. 2012; 34(4): 562-9.
25. Wakabayashi I. Stronger associations of obesity with prehypertension and hypertension in young women than in young men. Journal of Hypertension. 2012; 30(7): 1423-9.
26. Ferguson TS, Younger N, Tulloch-Reid MK, LawrenceWright MB, Forrester TE, Cooper RS, et al. Progression from prehypertension to hypertension in a Jamaican cohort: incident hypertension and its predictors. The West Indian medical journal. 2010; 59(5): 486-93.
27. Panagioti M, Richardson G, Small N, Murray E, Rogers A, Kennedy A, et al. Self-management support interventions to reduce health care utilisation without compromising outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Health Services Research. 2014; 14(1): 1-14.
28. Masuki S, Morikawa M, Nose H. Interval walking training can increase physical fitness in middle-aged and older people. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews. 2017; 45(3): 154-62.
29. Higgs C, Skinner M, Hale L. Outcomes of a community-based lifestyle programme for adults with diabetes or pre-diabetes. Journal of Primary Health Care. 2016; 8(2): 130-9.
30. Government of Nakhon Pathom. [Internet]. Annual report 2017. [cited 2018, January 2]. Available from: http:// www.nakhonpathom.go.th/news_describe.
31. Ministry of Public Health. [Interner]. Key performance indicators 2017. [cited 2018, March 12]. Available from: http://healthkpi.moph.go.th/
32. Samahito, S. Construction Physical Fitness Test and Norms for Thai of Age 19-59. Bangkok: Sport Science Bureau; 2013.
33. Reed JL, Pipe AL. The talk test: A useful tool for prescribing and monitoring exercise intensity. Current Opinion in Cardiology. 2014; 29(5): 475-80.
34. Cohen J. A power primer. Psychological Bulletin. 1992; 112(1):155-9.
35. Akoko BM, Fon PN, Ngu RC, Ngu KB. Knowledge of hypertension and compliance with therapy among hypertensive patients in the Bamenda Health District of Cameroon: A cross-sectional study. Cardiology and Therapy. 2017; 6(1): 53-67.
36. Methakanjanasak P, Methakanjanasak N, Sajja S. The effect of exercise self-management on physical fitness and blood pressure among adults with prehypertension. Journal of Nursing and Health Care. 2014; 32(3): 40-49.
37. Thutsaringkarnsakul S, Aungsuroch Y, Jitpanya C. Selfmanagement program on blood pressure control in Thai hypertensive patients at risk for stroke: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Health Research. 2012; 26(5): 243-249.
38. Suwankruhasn N, Pothiban L, Panuthai S, Boonchuang P. Effects of a self-management support program for Thai people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research. 2013; 17(4): 371-83.
39. Conn VS, Hafdahl AR, Mehr DR. Interventions to increase physical activity among healthy adults: meta-analysis of outcomes. American Journal of Public Health. 2011; 101(4): 751-8.
40. Brady TJ, Murphy L, O’Colmain BJ, Beauchesne D, Daniels B, Greenberg M, et al. Peer reviewed: A meta-analysis of health status, health behaviors, and health care utilization outcomes of the chronic disease self-management program. Preventing Chronic Disease. 2013; 10: 1-14.
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2018-12-19
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Tongvichean T, Aungsuroch Y, Preechawong S. The Effect of Self-Management Exercise Program on Physical Fitness among People with Prehypertension and Obesity: A Quasi Experiment Study. PRIJNR [Internet]. 2018 Dec. 19 [cited 2024 Dec. 28];23(1):6-17. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PRIJNR/article/view/108336
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