The The Effects of Nurse-Led Smoking Cessation Interventions for Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review
Keywords:
Cancer survivors, Interventions, Nursing, Smoking cessation, Systematic review, TobaccoAbstract
Smoking among patients with cancer is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Nurses play an important role in increasing health promoting behaviors among medically ill patients. However, best practices for smoking cessation interventions among patients with cancer have not been identified. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the effects of nurse-led smoking cessation interventions for patients with cancer. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement was used as a guideline for this review. CINAHL Plus with full text, PubMed, Scopus, Embase and PsycINFO were searched covering English publications without date restrictions. Experimental research studies were included if they were original articles, the interventions were provided by nurses and they reported quit rates. Screening and data extraction were performed systematically. The methodological quality of included articles was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. The review included six randomized trials and six quasi- experimental studies. The quality of the included studies was mixed. The majority of interventions were brief, hospital-based and included nurse-delivered counseling. Only 41.7% of studies offered nicotine replacement therapies. Nine studies biochemically verified post-intervention quit rates. Overall quit rates for the intervention and control groups were 43.4% and 27.1%, respectively. Higher intensity interventions consisting of counselling, education materials and follow-up sessions resulted in the highest quit rates. This review suggests that nurse-led smoking cessation interventions show promise. However, further research is needed to improve the methodological rigor of nurse-led smoking cessation intervention research.
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