The Effectiveness of the Mobile e-Health Individual and Family Self-management Program for Primiparous Pregnant Adolescents: A Quasi-experimental Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60099/prijnr.2024.266689Keywords:
Adolescent pregnancy, Health status, Mobile e-health, Prenatal, Quality of life, Self-managementAbstract
Adolescent pregnancy is considered high-risk of health problems that impair their quality of life. Also, many pregnant adolescents are likely to have poor self-management behavior during pregnancy, affecting their health status. This quasi-experimental study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a mobile e-health individual and family self-management program for primiparous pregnant adolescents. Seventy pregnant adolescents who attended a prenatal clinic at a provincial hospital near Bangkok, Thailand, were assigned to the experimental (n = 35) and control group (n = 35). The experimental group received the intervention program and usual care, while the control group received only usual care. The program was held in three sessions over four weeks, and the outcomes were evaluated three times, at baseline, two weeks (time 1), and four weeks (time 2) after completing the program. Data collection took place from July to December 2022 using a personal data form, the Self-Management Behavior Questionnaire on Pregnancy Health of Adolescent Pregnant Women, the Pregnancy Health Status Record Form, and the WHOQOL-BREF-Thai questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, RM-ANCOVA, independent t-test, and chi-square analyzed the data.
The findings revealed that four weeks after completion of the program (time 2), there was a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of self-management behavior between the experimental and control groups. Still, there was no statistically significant difference in the mean quality of life scores. In addition, the experimental group’s hemoglobin level, hematocrit level, and gestational weight gain were significantly higher than the control group’s. Moreover, the number of participants with urinary tract infections in the experimental group was lower, whereas the average fetal weight gain was higher than in the control group. Nurses and midwives can use this program for adolescent pregnancy to improve self-management behaviors, health status, and quality of life. However, further testing is needed before it is widely used.
References
World Health Organization. Fact sheet: adolescent pregnancy [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 20]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/adolescent-pregnancy
United Nations. The Sustainable Development Goals report 2023: special edition: SDG indicators database [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 28]. Available from: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023/Goal-03/
Bureau of Reproductive Health, Ministry of Public Health. Annual report 2022 [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2023 Aug 28]. Available from: https://rh.anamai.moph.go.th/th/department-yearly-report/download/?did=212085&id=100907&reload= (in Thai).
Naik RR, Cacodkar J, Pednekar GN. Effects of teenage pregnancy on obstetric and perinatal outcomes at a tertiary health institute in Goa. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae. 2021;13(6):363-8. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1979. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1979
Jahan E, Alam, R. The obstetric factors and outcome of adolescent pregnancy having IUGR babies. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynaecol. 2021;10(6):2157-63. doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20212142
Kassa GM, Arowojolu AO, Odukogbe AA, Yalew AW. Adverse neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy in Northwest Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. 2019;14(6):e0218259. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218259. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218259
Diabelkova J, Rimarova K, Dorko E, Urdzik P, Houzvickova A, Argalasova L. Adolescent pregnancy outcomes and risk factors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(5):4113. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20054113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054113
Karacam Z, Cakaloz DK, Demir R. The impact of adolescent pregnancy on maternal and infant health in Turkey: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod. 2021;50(4):102093. doi: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102093. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jogoh.2021.102093
Mohamed AAA, Almalaq AAA, Almansour RDM, Alanazi HSA, Alshammari FSA, Hussien TMA, et al. Fetal outcomes and complications of pregnancy among teenage and adult primigravid Saudi women: a retrospective comparative study. Int J Med Res Health Sci. 2018;7(9):144-8.
Alyamani AM, Elewa HA, Newira FA. Maternal and neonatal outcome of teenage pregnancy at Al-Galaa Maternity Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt. Open J Obstet Gynecol. 2021;11(5):591-601. doi: 10.4236/ojog.2021.115055. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4236/ojog.2021.115055
Nam JY, Oh SS, Park EC. The association between adequate prenatal care and severe morbidity among teenage pregnancies: a population-based cohort-study. Front Public Health. 2022;10:782143. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.782143. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.782143
Amoadu M, Hagan D, Ansah EW. Adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancies in Africa: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1): 598. doi: 10.1186/s12884-022-04821-w. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-04821-w
Tjung NI, Serworwora AK, Yonathan K. Social aspects of unwanted teen pregnancy management: a case report. Indian J Public Health Res Dev. 2021;12(1):230–3. doi: 10.37506/ijphrd.v12i1.13854. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37506/ijphrd.v12i1.13854
Mabetha K, Soepnel L, Klingberg S, Mabena G, Motlhalhedi M, Norris SA, Draper AE. Social support during pregnancy: a phenomenology exploration of young women’s experiences of support networks on pregnancy care and wellbeing in Soweto, South Africa. medRxiv [Internet]. 2022 Apr 11 [cited 2023 Aug 28]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.03.22273162 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.04.03.22273162
Rexhepi M, Besimi F, Rufati N, Alili A, Bajrami S, Ismaili H. Hospital-based study of maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancy compared to adult women pregnancy. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019;7(5):760-6. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.210. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.210
Wong SPW, Twynstra J, Gilliland JA, Cook JL, Seabrook JA. Risk factors and birth outcomes associated with teenage pregnancy: a Canadian sample. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2020;33(2):153–9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2019.10.006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpag.2019.10.006
Khamsawarde N, Chunuan S, Suttharangsee W. Parental care for unplanned pregnant adolescent daughters: a qualitative descriptive study. Pacific Rim Int J Nurs Res [Internet]. 2022 May 27 [cited 2023 Feb 26];26(3):501- 16. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PRIJNR/article/view/258073
Al-Shorbaji NM. Improving healthcare access through digital health: the use of information and communication technologies. In: Agrawal A, Kosgi S, editors. Healthcare access. IntechOpen; 2022. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.99607. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99607
National Statistical Office Thailand. The household survey on the use of information and communication technology (annually) [Internet]. 2023 [cited 2023 Aug 20]. Available from: https://www.nso.go.th/nsoweb/nso/survey_detail/jJ?set_lang=en
Ryan P, Sawin K. The individual and family self-management theory: background and perspectives on context, process, and outcomes. Nurs Outlook. 2009;57(4): 217-25.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.outlook.2008.10.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2008.10.004
Maneesri S, Masingboon K, Chaimongkol N. Effectiveness of individual and family self-management combined mHealth program for people with stage 3 chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial. Pacific Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2023;27(1):169-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60099/prijnr.2023.260340
Firdaus MKZH, Jittanoon P, Boonyasopun U, Che Hasan MK. The effect of mHealth program on behavior modification and health outcomes among patients with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial study. Belitung Nurs J. 2023;9(5):437-47. doi: 10.33546/bnj.2664. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.2664
Ismond KP. Improving self-management with eHealth in cirrhosis using a patient-centered approach. [dissertation]. [Alberta]: The University of Alberta; 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.7939/r3-baad-fe40
Kelly M, Fullen BM, Martin D, Bradley C, McVeigh JG. eHealth interventions to support self-management: perceptions and experiences of people with musculoskeletal disorders and physiotherapists – ‘eHealth: It’s TIME’: a qualitative study. Physiother Theory Pract. 2022 Nov 25: 1-11. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2151334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2022.2151334
Des Jarlais DC, Lyles C, Crepaz N; the TREND Group. Improving the reporting quality of nonrandomized evaluations of behavioral and public health interventions: the TREND statement. Am J Public Health. 2004;94(3): 361-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.94.3.361. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.94.3.361
Twisk JWR. Sample-size calculations in multilevel studies. In: Twisk JWR, editor. Applied multilevel analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2006, pp. 123-9. doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511610806. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511610806.009
Mahahnirankul S, Thantipiwattanasakul W, Phumpaisarnchai W. WHOQOL-BREF-THAI: project to create a ready-made program to survey mental health in the area in 2002. Nonthaburi: Department of Mental Health; 2002 (in Thai).
Sakamoto JL, Carandrang RR, Kharel M, Shibanuma A, Yarotsukaya E, Basargina M, Jimba M. Effects of mHealth on the psychosocial health of pregnant women and mothers: a systematic review. BMJ Open. 2022;12(2):e056807. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056807. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056807
Prommate T, Juntem O, Nawsuwan K, Singweratham N. Effectiveness between online and regular educational programs on knowledge and self-care on primigravida. JOBCNSUR. 2022;12(1):122-35. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bcnsurin/article/view/255272/173436 (in Thai).
Nakkrasae K, Lapvongwattana P, Chansatitporn N. Effects of health promotion program on health promoting behaviors in primigravida teen. J Public Health Nurse [Internet]. 2019 Apr 1 [cited 2024 Jan 17];33(1):40-54. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/phn/article/view/241756 (in Thai).
Borgen I, Småstuen MC, Jacobsen AF, Garnweidner-Holme, LM, Fayyad S, Noll J, Lukasse M. Effect of the Pregnant+ smartphone application in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomised controlled trial in Norway. BMJ Open. 2019;9(11):e030884. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030884. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030884
Lee JY, Murry N, Ko J, Kim MT. Exploring the relationship between maternal health literacy, parenting self-efficacy, and early parenting practices among low-income mothers with infants. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2018;29(4): 1455-71. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2018.0106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2018.0106
Panyaso K, Sangin S, Chuahorm U. Factors associated with health-related quality of life among pregnant women with diabetes mellitus in public hospitals, upper northern region Thailand. JFONUBUU. 2020;28(3):27-40. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/Nubuu/article/view/246063/167286 (in Thai).
Bedaso A, Adams J, Peng W, Sibbritt D. Prevalence and determinants of low social support during pregnancy among Australian women: a community-based cross-sectional study. Reprod Health. 2021;18:158. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01210-y. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01210-y
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright: The Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, Thailand Nursing & Midwifery Council has exclusive rights to publish, reproduce and distribute the manuscript and all contents therein.
.png)
