Support Program for Thai Mothers of Toddlers with Congenital Heart Disease: A Randomized Control Trial
Keywords:
Care Behaviors, Congenital Heart Disease, Dependent Care Support, Mother, Randomized Controlled Trial, Toddler, Orem’s Self- Care ModelAbstract
The health status of toddlers with un-repaired congenital heart disease relies on maternal care behaviors. This randomized control trial investigated the effects of a Dependent Care Support Program on maternal care behaviors. Participants were 50 mothers of toddlers with non-cyanotic congenital heart disease waiting for surgery. They were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 25) or the control group (n = 25). The experimental group received the usual care plus the program. The control group received only the usual care. Data were collected by using the Maternal Care Behaviors for Congenital Heart Disease Toddlers Scale and the Incidence of Illness Recording Form. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and dependent t-test.
Results indicated that the maternal care behaviors in the experimental group at week 6 after program implementation were significantly higher than mothers in the control group and were significantly higher than those before attending the program. The incidence rate of illnesses among children in the experimental group (40%) at week 6 was significantly lower than children in the control group (80%). Nurses may implement the 6-week program to improve maternal care behaviors and their children with congenital heart disease to gain optimum health for surgical treatment as planned. Further study should evaluate the effectiveness of the program in long-term follow-up.
References
1. Van der Linde D, Konings EE, Slager MA, Witsenburg M, Helbing WA, Takkenberg JJ, et al. Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 58(21): 2241-2247.
2. Park MK. Park’s pediatric cardiology for practitioners. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014, p.676.
3. Chaisom P, Yenbut J, Chontawan R, Soivong P, Patumanond J. Predicting factors of dependent care behaviors among mothers of toddlers with congenital heart disease. CMU J Nat Sci. 2010; 9(2): 193-200.
4. Songthip S, Sanasuttipun W, Srichantaranit A. The effects of supportive-educative nursing system program on knowledge and behaviors of mothers of children with acyanotic congenital heart disease aged 0-2 years. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing. 2015; 26(2): 25-38. (in Thai).
5. Ussein KA, Othman NR. Impact of congenital heart disease upon children physical growth pattern in cardiac center-Erbil/ Kurdistan region/Iraq. J Kufa Nurs Sci. 2013; 3(2): 1-7.
6. Harish GV, Priyanka K. Study of prevalence of underlying congenital heart disease in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Perspectives in Medical Research. 2017; 5(3): 20-23.
7. Chiu SN, Shao PL, Chen HC, Lin MT, Huang LM, Kao FY, et al. Risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyanotic congenital heart disease in a subtropical area. J Pediatr. 2016; 171: 25-30.
8. Mundada S, Kathwate J, Bajaj M, Raut S. Clinical profile of patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease in pediatric age group in rural India. J Dent Med Sci. 2014; 13(12): 6-12.
9. Al-Ammouri I, Ayoub F. Heart disease in Syrian refugee children: Experience at Jordan university hospital. Ann Glob Health. 2016; 82(2): 300-306.
10. Srichantaranit A, Chontawan R, Yenbut J, Ray L, Laohaprasittiporn D, Wanitkun S. Thai families’ caring practices for infants with congenital heart disease prior to cardiac surgery. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2010; 14(1): 61-78.
11. Sabzevari S, Nematollahi MS, Mirzaei T, Ravari A. The burden of care: Mothers’ experiences of children with congenital heart disease. IJCBNM. 2016; 4(4): 374-385.
12. Pinheiro JAM, Pessoa VLMD, Machado, MMT, Moreira TMM, Salles DL. Experiences of mothers of children with congenital heart disease. Int Arch Med. 2017; 10(131): 1-5.
13. Orem DE. Nursing: Concepts of practice. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book; 2001. 542p.
14. Wei H, Roscigno CI, Hanson CC, Swanson KM. Families of children with congenital heart disease: A literature review. Heart Lung. 2015; 44(6): 494-511.
15. Kolaitis GA, Meentken MG, Utens EMWJ. Mental health problems in parents of children with congenital heart disease. Front. Pediatr. 2017; 5(102): 1-7.
16. Ghajari MF, Mojtahedzadeh S, Kharazifard MJ, Mahdavi B, Mohtavipour S. Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with cardiac disease about oral health. JIDAI. 2014; 25(4): 256-260.
17. Mahdi LMEI. Parental knowledge, attitudes and practice towards their children’s congenital heart disease and its impact on their growth in Sudan heart centre [master’s thesis]. [Sudan]: Khartoum Univ.; 2015. 164p.
18. Phromreungrit K, Jintrawet U, Chotibang J. Caregiving and related factors among caregivers of children with congenital heart disease. Nursing Journal. 2015; 42: 35-45. (in Thai).
19. Durigon GS, Oliveira DBL, Felicio MCC, Finelli C, Pereira MFB, Storni JG, et al. Poor outcome of acute respiratory infection in young children with underlying health condition in Brazil. Int J Infect Dis. 2015; 34: 3-7.
20. Hassan BA, Albanna EA, Morsy SM, Siam AG, Al Shafie MM, Elsaadany HF, et al. Nutritional status in children with un-operated congenital heart disease: An Egyptian center experience. Front Pediatr. 2015; 3(53): 1-5.
21. Dejyothin P, Kirdpole W. Effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on the self-efficacy beliefs and caring behaviors of caregivers to control heart failure in children with congenital heart disease. Journal of Nursing Science & Health. 2015; 38(3): 14-23. (in Thai).
22. Singh B, Ghimire P. Stress and coping among the parents of children with congenital heart disease: A hospital based study. J Health Educ Res Dev. 2017; 5(1): 1-4.
23. Kamproh S. The effectiveness of health education program upon maternal behaviorism caring for children with ventricular septal defect at Queen Sirikit Institute of Child Health [master’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Mahidol Univ.; 2001. 105p.
24. McCusker CG, Doherty NN, Molloy B, Rooney N, Mulholland C, Sands A, et al. A controlled trial of early interventions to promote maternal adjustment and development in infants born with severe congenital heart disease. Child: care, health and development. 2009; 36(1): 110-117.
25. Knowles MS, Holton EF, Swanson RA. Adult Learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. 6th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2005. 377p.
26. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman; 1997. 211p.
27. Glanz K, Schwartz MD. Stress, coping, and health behavior. In Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008, p. 211-236.
28. House JS. Work Stress and Social Support. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley; 1981. 156p.
29. Polit DF. Statistics and data analysis for nursing research. 2nd ed. Boston: Pearson; 2010. 440p.
30. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.
31. Payomhom C, Seeda R, Wichiencharoen, K. The effect of educational program on maternal care for children with congenital heart disease undergone post open-heart surgery. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing. 2013; 24(1): 31-43. (in Thai).
32. Somchue N, Sanasuttipun W, Srichantaranit A. The effect of a teaching program on knowledge and behaviors of caregivers to promote nutrition in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease. J Nurs Sci. 2016; 34(3): 79-93. (in Thai).
33. Boonchuay N, Sanasuttipun W, Chintanadilok N, Sanpakit K. The effect of the educational program on knowledge and care behaviors of caregivers of children with thalassemia. J Nurs Sci. 2016; 34(3): 41-53. (in Thai).
34. Thamapan S. Effects of the mothers’ behavioral development program on caring asthmatic children by applying self-efficacy and social support at Phana Hospital, Phana District, Amnatcharoen Province [master’s thesis]. [Khon Kaen]: Khon Kaen Univ.; 2010. 155p. (in Thai).
35. Wu X, Li Q, Chen J. Discharge planning for children with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary arterial hypertension in China. Int J Nurs Sci. 2015; 2: 167-172.
36. Sanit D, Nookong A, Prasopkittikun T, Srichantaranit A. Effect of a supportive-educative nursing program on caring behaviors among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Kuakarun J Nurs. 2015; 22(1): 60-81. (in Thai).
37. Wilson D. Health promotion of the toddler and family. In Hockenberry MJ, Wilson D. Wong’s essentials of pediatric nursing. St. Louis: Mosby; 2009, p. 409-436.
38. Du Q, Salem Y, Liu H, Zhou X, Chen S, Chen N, et al. A home-based exercise program for children with congenital heart disease following interventional cardiac catheterization: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017; 18(38): 1-9.
39. Wangruangsatid R, Srisuphan W, Picheansathian W, Yenbut J. Effects of a transitional care program on premature infants and their mothers. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2012; 16(4): 294-312.
2. Park MK. Park’s pediatric cardiology for practitioners. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2014, p.676.
3. Chaisom P, Yenbut J, Chontawan R, Soivong P, Patumanond J. Predicting factors of dependent care behaviors among mothers of toddlers with congenital heart disease. CMU J Nat Sci. 2010; 9(2): 193-200.
4. Songthip S, Sanasuttipun W, Srichantaranit A. The effects of supportive-educative nursing system program on knowledge and behaviors of mothers of children with acyanotic congenital heart disease aged 0-2 years. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing. 2015; 26(2): 25-38. (in Thai).
5. Ussein KA, Othman NR. Impact of congenital heart disease upon children physical growth pattern in cardiac center-Erbil/ Kurdistan region/Iraq. J Kufa Nurs Sci. 2013; 3(2): 1-7.
6. Harish GV, Priyanka K. Study of prevalence of underlying congenital heart disease in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections. Perspectives in Medical Research. 2017; 5(3): 20-23.
7. Chiu SN, Shao PL, Chen HC, Lin MT, Huang LM, Kao FY, et al. Risk of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cyanotic congenital heart disease in a subtropical area. J Pediatr. 2016; 171: 25-30.
8. Mundada S, Kathwate J, Bajaj M, Raut S. Clinical profile of patients with acyanotic congenital heart disease in pediatric age group in rural India. J Dent Med Sci. 2014; 13(12): 6-12.
9. Al-Ammouri I, Ayoub F. Heart disease in Syrian refugee children: Experience at Jordan university hospital. Ann Glob Health. 2016; 82(2): 300-306.
10. Srichantaranit A, Chontawan R, Yenbut J, Ray L, Laohaprasittiporn D, Wanitkun S. Thai families’ caring practices for infants with congenital heart disease prior to cardiac surgery. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2010; 14(1): 61-78.
11. Sabzevari S, Nematollahi MS, Mirzaei T, Ravari A. The burden of care: Mothers’ experiences of children with congenital heart disease. IJCBNM. 2016; 4(4): 374-385.
12. Pinheiro JAM, Pessoa VLMD, Machado, MMT, Moreira TMM, Salles DL. Experiences of mothers of children with congenital heart disease. Int Arch Med. 2017; 10(131): 1-5.
13. Orem DE. Nursing: Concepts of practice. 6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book; 2001. 542p.
14. Wei H, Roscigno CI, Hanson CC, Swanson KM. Families of children with congenital heart disease: A literature review. Heart Lung. 2015; 44(6): 494-511.
15. Kolaitis GA, Meentken MG, Utens EMWJ. Mental health problems in parents of children with congenital heart disease. Front. Pediatr. 2017; 5(102): 1-7.
16. Ghajari MF, Mojtahedzadeh S, Kharazifard MJ, Mahdavi B, Mohtavipour S. Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with cardiac disease about oral health. JIDAI. 2014; 25(4): 256-260.
17. Mahdi LMEI. Parental knowledge, attitudes and practice towards their children’s congenital heart disease and its impact on their growth in Sudan heart centre [master’s thesis]. [Sudan]: Khartoum Univ.; 2015. 164p.
18. Phromreungrit K, Jintrawet U, Chotibang J. Caregiving and related factors among caregivers of children with congenital heart disease. Nursing Journal. 2015; 42: 35-45. (in Thai).
19. Durigon GS, Oliveira DBL, Felicio MCC, Finelli C, Pereira MFB, Storni JG, et al. Poor outcome of acute respiratory infection in young children with underlying health condition in Brazil. Int J Infect Dis. 2015; 34: 3-7.
20. Hassan BA, Albanna EA, Morsy SM, Siam AG, Al Shafie MM, Elsaadany HF, et al. Nutritional status in children with un-operated congenital heart disease: An Egyptian center experience. Front Pediatr. 2015; 3(53): 1-5.
21. Dejyothin P, Kirdpole W. Effects of a self-efficacy enhancement program on the self-efficacy beliefs and caring behaviors of caregivers to control heart failure in children with congenital heart disease. Journal of Nursing Science & Health. 2015; 38(3): 14-23. (in Thai).
22. Singh B, Ghimire P. Stress and coping among the parents of children with congenital heart disease: A hospital based study. J Health Educ Res Dev. 2017; 5(1): 1-4.
23. Kamproh S. The effectiveness of health education program upon maternal behaviorism caring for children with ventricular septal defect at Queen Sirikit Institute of Child Health [master’s thesis]. [Bangkok]: Mahidol Univ.; 2001. 105p.
24. McCusker CG, Doherty NN, Molloy B, Rooney N, Mulholland C, Sands A, et al. A controlled trial of early interventions to promote maternal adjustment and development in infants born with severe congenital heart disease. Child: care, health and development. 2009; 36(1): 110-117.
25. Knowles MS, Holton EF, Swanson RA. Adult Learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. 6th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2005. 377p.
26. Bandura A. Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman; 1997. 211p.
27. Glanz K, Schwartz MD. Stress, coping, and health behavior. In Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 2008, p. 211-236.
28. House JS. Work Stress and Social Support. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley; 1981. 156p.
29. Polit DF. Statistics and data analysis for nursing research. 2nd ed. Boston: Pearson; 2010. 440p.
30. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. Hillsdale (NJ): Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.
31. Payomhom C, Seeda R, Wichiencharoen, K. The effect of educational program on maternal care for children with congenital heart disease undergone post open-heart surgery. Thai Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Nursing. 2013; 24(1): 31-43. (in Thai).
32. Somchue N, Sanasuttipun W, Srichantaranit A. The effect of a teaching program on knowledge and behaviors of caregivers to promote nutrition in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease. J Nurs Sci. 2016; 34(3): 79-93. (in Thai).
33. Boonchuay N, Sanasuttipun W, Chintanadilok N, Sanpakit K. The effect of the educational program on knowledge and care behaviors of caregivers of children with thalassemia. J Nurs Sci. 2016; 34(3): 41-53. (in Thai).
34. Thamapan S. Effects of the mothers’ behavioral development program on caring asthmatic children by applying self-efficacy and social support at Phana Hospital, Phana District, Amnatcharoen Province [master’s thesis]. [Khon Kaen]: Khon Kaen Univ.; 2010. 155p. (in Thai).
35. Wu X, Li Q, Chen J. Discharge planning for children with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary arterial hypertension in China. Int J Nurs Sci. 2015; 2: 167-172.
36. Sanit D, Nookong A, Prasopkittikun T, Srichantaranit A. Effect of a supportive-educative nursing program on caring behaviors among caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Kuakarun J Nurs. 2015; 22(1): 60-81. (in Thai).
37. Wilson D. Health promotion of the toddler and family. In Hockenberry MJ, Wilson D. Wong’s essentials of pediatric nursing. St. Louis: Mosby; 2009, p. 409-436.
38. Du Q, Salem Y, Liu H, Zhou X, Chen S, Chen N, et al. A home-based exercise program for children with congenital heart disease following interventional cardiac catheterization: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2017; 18(38): 1-9.
39. Wangruangsatid R, Srisuphan W, Picheansathian W, Yenbut J. Effects of a transitional care program on premature infants and their mothers. Pac Rim Int J Nurs Res. 2012; 16(4): 294-312.
Downloads
Published
2018-03-13
How to Cite
1.
Suklerttrakul T, Picheansathian W, Jintrawet U, Chotibang J. Support Program for Thai Mothers of Toddlers with Congenital Heart Disease: A Randomized Control Trial. PRIJNR [Internet]. 2018 Mar. 13 [cited 2024 Nov. 3];22(2):106-19. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/PRIJNR/article/view/81722
Issue
Section
Original paper
License
Copyright: The Pacific Rim International Journal of Nursing Research, Thailand Nursing & Midwifery Council has exclusive rights to publish, reproduce and distribute the manuscript and all contents therein.
.png)
