Barriers to HIV Treatment Adherence among Thai Youth Living with HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

                Globally and in Thailand there are growing numbers of youth living with HIV/AIDS and they face challenges to HIV treatment adherence that can lead to treatment failure and drug resistance. This qualitative study explored the needs and concerns about adherence to HIV treatment among youth living with HIV/AIDS using a technical collaborative action research approach. Participatory activities and in-depth interviews were conducted among 25 youth living with HIV/AIDS in northern Thailand. Data were analyzed by content analysis. Findings show that participants did not adhere to HIV treatment and engaged HIV risk behaviors. There were five themes related to experiences regarding HIV treatment adherence, namely: lack of drug knowledge; boredom, discouragement, and denial; fear of disclosure; not managing medication, and risk-taking. We concluded that the participants needed psycho-social support and counseling to enhance HIV treatment. Nurses can play a critical role in developing and implementing effective programs and strategies that involve youth living with HIV/AIDS, giving them support and helping them, their families, and other health care providers to achieve HIV treatment success.