Development of Nursing Care Model to Prevent Ventilator Associated Pneumonia at Intensive Care Unit in Ratchaburi Hospital
Keywords:
Nursing care model, Nursing Care Model, Prevent Ventilator Associated Pneumonia, Intensive Care Unit, Intensive care unitAbstract
This study is a research and development project aimed at developing and evaluating the effectiveness of a nursing care model for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. The research was conducted in three phases: Phase 1 studying and analyzing nursing practice issues related to VAP prevention, Phase 2 developing a nursing care model for VAP prevention, and Phase 3 implementing and evaluating the model. The simple size were 20 professional nurses and 48 ventilated patients, equally divided into experimental and comparison groups in the intensive care unit of Ratchaburi Hospital. The instruments used included the nursing care model, a VAP prevention knowledge assessment, a nursing practice evaluation form, and a patient outcome recording form. Content validity was verified with an item-content validity index (I-CVI) ranging from 0.8 to 1.0. The reliability of the knowledge assessment was confirmed with KR-20 = 0.75, and the nursing practice evaluation form showed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.96. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, content analysis, and t-tests. The result showed that:
After experimental 1) the experimental group of nurses had significantly higher knowledge and practice scores after the intervention compared to pre-intervention and the comparison group (p< .001); 2) no cases of VAP were found in the experimental patient group; and 3) the duration of ventilator use was significantly reduced.
In conclusion, the developed nursing care model effectively improved nurses' knowledge and practices, reduced infection rates, and shortened the duration of ventilator use. Long-term follow-up is recommended to continuously evaluate the model’s effectiveness in enhancing the quality and safety of patient care.
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