Using the flipped classroom to improve learning outcomes and learning achievements: Roles of learners and teachers

Abstract

          The flipped classroom approach is a teaching method that fosters meaningful learning behaviors among students through a three-step principle. First, educators select appropriate technologies for learning using communication devices. Second, they leverage technology to communicate, answer queries, pose questions, or prompt students to explore desired topics. Third, classroom time is utilized to enhance comprehension through activities, discussions, analysis, interpretation, and supplementary explanations of essential content. Teachers utilize a continuous and cyclical system encompassing four interconnected components. Firstly, "Experiential Engagement" involves teachers guiding students in learning methods through games, simulations, interactive media, experiments, or research. Secondly, "Concept Exploration" encourages learners to explore up-to-date and credible information through research. Thirdly, "Meaning Making" empowers students to construct knowledge skills from self-directed learning, encouraging reflection and guidance. Lastly, "Demonstration & Application" allows instructors to creatively and progressively foster learning by utilizing advanced technological approaches that cater to individual learners' needs. Moreover, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the flipped classroom approach aids in reducing in-person classroom learning, promoting social distancing, reducing group gatherings, and increasing online communication. It helps develop self-learning skills and attitudes, boosts satisfaction with the learning process, and enhances learning outcomes and learning efficacy.