KRAS Mutation Testing in Advanced Colorectal Cancers
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
KRAS is an oncogene located on the short arm of chromosome 12 (12p12.1). The gene is a member of the Ras family of small guanine nucleotide–binding proteins, first identified as a cellular homolog of a transforming gene in the Kirsten rat sarcoma virus.1 Activating mutations in KRAS have been noted in a variety of human cancers, including carcinomas of the pancreas, lung (non-small cell lung cancer), and colorectum (Table 1). KRAS mutations are frequently found in exon 1 (codons 12 and 13) and exon 2 (codon 61).2 Mutations in KRAS codons 12 and 13 have been associated with lack of response to EGFR-targeted therapies in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC)(Table 2).
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). You may copy and redistribute the material for noncommercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given and a link to the license is included. Modified versions may not be distributed under this license.
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
References
2. Whitehall V, et al. A Multicenter blinded study to evalu- ate KRAS mutation testing methodologies in the clinical setting. J Mol Diagn 2009;11:543-552
3. Lièvre A, et al. KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab. J Clin Oncol 2008;26: 374-379
4. Amado RG. Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumu- mab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1626-1634
5. Allegra CJ, et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology provisional clinical opinion: testing for KRAS gene mutations in patients with metastatic colorectal carci- noma to predict response to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody therapy. J Clin Oncol 2009;27:2091-2096
6. Monzon FA, et al. The role of KRAS mutation testing in the management of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009;133:1600-1606
