Valacyclovir Non-Oliguric Acute Kidney Injury: a Case Report of 84 Year-Old Female
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Published:
Sep 25, 2020
Keywords:
valacyclovir, nephrotoxicity, adverse reactions
Main Article Content
Abstract
A case of Valacyclovir non-oliguric acute kidney injury presented in an 84-year-old female, who came with worsened consciousness likely from concurrent use of gabapentin and a state of dehydration. Consciousness improved after supportive care and hydration. Valacyclovir dose was reduced and adjusted due to impaired kidney function but creatinine level continued to rise. Only after discontinuation of Valacyclovir did the creatinine level decline continuously. Valacyclovir nephrotoxicity has been reported widely, although it is not common, and can present in all age groups with wide clinical variety and severity. This is another case to increase awareness of Valacyclovir’s possible adverse reactions to alert practitioners whenever the medicine is prescribed.
Article Details
How to Cite
1.
Roongtanapirom,MD S. Valacyclovir Non-Oliguric Acute Kidney Injury: a Case Report of 84 Year-Old Female. BKK Med J [Internet]. 2020 Sep. 25 [cited 2024 Apr. 20];16(2):227. Available from: https://he02.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/bkkmedj/article/view/241445
Section
Case Report
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
References
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Published online 2018 Dec 27. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2018.1487866
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322537940_Acute_Kidney_Injury_and_Neuropsychiatric_Reactions_with_Anti-Herpesvirus_Drugs_Analysis_of_Spontaneously_Reported_Adverse_Events_Email_address
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doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00874
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https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.3626
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doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcm154.
24. Dornbierer M, Lezhoeva E and Nasser Abdalla Dhayat. Acute renal failure and severe neurotoxicity due to Valacyclovir
DOI: 10.4303/jcrm/115
https://www.oatext.com/acute-renal-failure-and-severe-neurotoxicity-due-to-valacyclovir.php
25. Murakami T, Akimoto T, Okada M, Hishida E, Sugase T, Miki A, et al. Valacyclovir Neurotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in an Elderly Patient Complicated by Hyponatremia. Drug Target Insights. 2018; 12: 1177392818782899.
doi: 10.1177/1177392818782899
26. Yoshimura T, Kawasaki T, Shirota A, Saeki M, Okada Ya and Okada H. Valacyclovir-induced Neurotoxicity in a Patient with a Preserved Renal Function. Intern Med. 2018 Nov 1;57(21):3213-3216
doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0403-17.
2. Perry CM, Faulds D. Valacyclovir. A review of its antiviral activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy in herpesvirus infections. Drugs. 1996 Nov; 52(5):754-72
3. Valtrex (Valacyclovir hydrochloride) prescribing informaiton, Glaxo Wellcome Inc. Revised:12/2019. https://www.gsksource.com/pharma/content/dam/GlaxoSmithKline/US/en/Prescribing_Information/Valtrex/pdf/VALTREX-PI-PIL.PDF
4. Chatis PA, Crumpacker CS. Resistance of herpesvirus to antival drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1992; 36:1589
5.Patel R. Valacyclovir: developmetn, clinical utility and potential. Expert Opin Investg Drug. 1997 Feb;6(2):173-89
6.Acosta EP, Fletcher CV. Valacyclovir. Ann Pharmacother. 1997 Feb;31(2):185-91
7. https://clincalc.com/DrugStats/Drugs/acyclovir
8. Cynthia A. Naughton. Drug-induced Nephrotoxicity. Am Fam Physician. 2008 Sep 15;78(6):743-50
9. Fleischer R, Johnson M. Acyclovir Nephrotoxicity: A Case Report Hidhlighting the Importance of Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of Acyclovir-Induced Nephropathy. Case Report in Medicine. Volume 2010, Article ID 602783, 3 pages.
Doi: 10.1155/2010/602783
10. Valacyclovir-LiverTox-NCBI Bookshelf
(https://www.ncbi.nih.gov/books/NBK548655)
11. Ngan N Lam, Matthew A Weir, Zhan Yao, Peter G. Blake, Michael M.Beyea, Tara Gomes et al. Risk of Acute Kidney Injury From Acyclovir: A Population-Based Study. American Journal of Kidney Disease 2013; 61(5): 723-29
doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.12.008
12. Kitano A, Motohashi H, Takayama A, Yano Y. Valacyclovir-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Japanese Patients Based on the PMDA Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting Database. Ther Innov Regul Sci. 2015 Jan;49(1):81-85.
https://doi.org/10.1177/2168479014536897
13. Lee EU, Jang HN, Cho HS, Bae E, Lee TW, Chang SH et al. The incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of acute kidney injury (staged using the RIFLE classification) associated with intravenous acyclovir administration. Ren Fail. 2018; 40(1): 688–693.
Published online 2018 Dec 27. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2018.1487866
14. Yue, Zhihua & Shi, Jinhai. (2017). Acute Kidney Injury and Neuropsychiatric Reactions with Anti-Herpesvirus Drugs: Analysis of Spontaneously Reported Adverse Events Email address.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322537940_Acute_Kidney_Injury_and_Neuropsychiatric_Reactions_with_Anti-Herpesvirus_Drugs_Analysis_of_Spontaneously_Reported_Adverse_Events_Email_address
15. Lorenzo CSV, Pedro SD, Benito AI and Criado C. Acyclovir Crystalluria: A Rare Secondary Effect of a Common Drug. Pediatr Ther 2016, 6:2
DOI: 10.4172/2161-0665.1000287
16. Vachvanichsanong, P., Patamasucon, P., Malagon, M. and Moore ES. Acute renal failure in a child associated with acyclovir. Pediatr Nephrol 9, 346–347 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02254206
17. Unsal Cakmak, Mirac Aysen. A case report: Acute renal injury with a single oral dose of Valacyclovir. Haydarpasa Numune Med J. 2019;59(2): 186-187
doi: 10.14744/hnhj.2018.82787.
18. Meur Y L, Mons S, Moesch C and Leroux-Robert C. The renal safety of high doses of Valacyclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation.
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 2000 (15) 3: 442
https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/15.3.442
19. Lam N N, Fleet J L, McArthur E, Blake P G, and Garg A X. Higher dose versus lower dose of antiviral therapy in the treatment of herpes zoster infection in the elderly: a matched retrospective population-based cohort study. BMC pharmacology & toxicology. 15. 48.
doi: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-48.
20. Feinberg JE, Hurwitz S, Cooper D, Sattler FR, MacGregor RR, Powderly W et al. A randomized, double-blind trial of valaciclovir prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus disease in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 204/Glaxo Wellcome 123-014 International CMV Prophylaxis Study Group. J Infect Dis. 1998 Jan;177(1):48-56.
21. Inaba I, Kondo Y, Iwasaki S, Tsuruhashi S, Akaishi A, Morita K et al. Risk Evaluation for Acute Kidney Injury Induced by the Concomitant Use of Valacyclovir, Analgesics, and Renin–Angiotensin System Inhibitors: The Detection of Signals of Drug–Drug Interactions. Front Pharmacol. 2019; 10: 874.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00874
22. Zhihua Yue, Jinhai Shi, Pengli Jiang and He Sun. Acute kidney injury during concomitant use of Valacyclovir and loxoprofen: detecting drug–drug interactions in a spontaneous reporting system. Pharmacoepidemiology & Drug Safety 2014 vol 23(11): 1154-1159
https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.3626
23. Sugimoto T, Yasuda M, Sakaguchi M, Koyama T, Uzu T, Kashiwagi A et al. Oliguric acute renal failure following oral Valacyclovir therapy. QJM. 2008 Feb;101(2):164-6.
doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcm154.
24. Dornbierer M, Lezhoeva E and Nasser Abdalla Dhayat. Acute renal failure and severe neurotoxicity due to Valacyclovir
DOI: 10.4303/jcrm/115
https://www.oatext.com/acute-renal-failure-and-severe-neurotoxicity-due-to-valacyclovir.php
25. Murakami T, Akimoto T, Okada M, Hishida E, Sugase T, Miki A, et al. Valacyclovir Neurotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in an Elderly Patient Complicated by Hyponatremia. Drug Target Insights. 2018; 12: 1177392818782899.
doi: 10.1177/1177392818782899
26. Yoshimura T, Kawasaki T, Shirota A, Saeki M, Okada Ya and Okada H. Valacyclovir-induced Neurotoxicity in a Patient with a Preserved Renal Function. Intern Med. 2018 Nov 1;57(21):3213-3216
doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0403-17.