The Efficiency of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes and their Prevention of Renal and Cardiovascular Disease
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of sodium glucose co-transporter subtype 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in preventing cardiovascular and renal disease in Type 2 diabetes patients with standard treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted using experimental research with two-groups. All data were collected from the HIMPRO program from 1st October 2016 to 30th September 2021. A Fisher exact test was used to analyze the data to determine the relative risk reduction (RRR).
RESULTS: 237 diabetes patients were significantly eligible for SGLT2 inhibitors; 102 received SGLT2 inhibitors, and 135 received standard treatment. Annual follow-ups were scheduled for 4 consecutive years. The RRR for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in the first to fourth year were (86.8% (p < 0.05), 74.3% (p < 0.05), 67.2% (p < 0.05), and 66.3% (p < 0.05), respectively. The RRR for prevention of renal outcomes (ROs) were 55.9%, 68.8%, 83.6% (p < 0.001), and 84.3% (p < 0.001), respectively.
CONCLUSION: SGLT2 inhibitors, while being prescribed in Type-2 diabetic patients, indicated a statistically significant benefit in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in the first year and with significant benefit in preventing renal disease in the third and fourth years of use.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
References
Li C, Luo J, Jiang M, Wang K. The Efficacy and Safety of the Combination Therapy With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:838277.
Patel R, McComb D, Rehman A, Soos MP. Appropriate Use of SGLT2s and GLP-1RAs with Insulin to Reduce CVD Risk in Patients with Diabetes. StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.; 2022.
Lo KB, Gul F, Ram P, Kluger AY, et al. The Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiorenal Med. 2020;10(1):1-10.
Neal B, Perkovic V, Mahaffey KW, de Zeeuw D, et al. Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(7):644-57.
Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B, Bompoint S, et al. Canagliflozin and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes and Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(24):2295-306.
Zinman B, Lachin JM, Inzucchi SE. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(11):1094.
Wiviott SD, Raz I, Bonaca MP, Mosenzon O, et al. Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(4):347-57.
Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, Fitchett D, et al. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(22):2117-28.