Understanding the Effects and Clinical Potential of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A Narrative Review
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The rising use of kratom across Southeast Asia has driven interest in its potential applications while also raising questions about its safety.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review spanning the past two decades was conducted, encompassing peer-reviewed articles and data issued by Southeast Asian health agencies.
RESULTS: Kratom’s stimulant- and opioid-like properties have been associated with both potentially beneficial and adverse effects, including applications in managing alcohol and opioid use disorders, pain, depression, and anxiety, as well as risks involving dependence and withdrawal. Although preliminary animal studies and limited human case reports suggest a possible therapeutic role, the absence of well-controlled, standardized trials prevents definitive conclusions regarding its efficacy and safety.
Conclusion: Historically, kratom has been utilized in medical treatments and substance use disorder management. Present evidence points to a similar clinical potential; however, without clear regulations and robust clinical research, kratom carries significant health risks and warrants further rigorous study.
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