The Effect of Self-regulation Program on Dietary Behavior among Older Adults with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes
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Abstract
Purpose: To examine the effect of self-regulation program on dietary behavior among older adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Methods: The sample was 54 older adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. The participants, who received treatment from a diabetes clinic at a community hospital in Trang province, were randomized using complete block design and divided into experimental and control groups with 27 participants each, based on inclusion criteria. The self-regulation program based on the integrated health behaviour change theory was conducted over a period of 8 weeks. The experimental group received both routine care and educational sessions with group activities at weeks one and two followed by telephone monitoring at weeks three, five and seven. The control group received only routine care. Their dietary behavior was assessed at baseline and at week nine. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and t-test.
Main findings: At week nine, the mean difference in dietary behavior of the experimental group was significantly higher than that at baseline (p < .001) and of the control group (p < .001).
Conclusion and recommendations: This study showed that the self-regulation program was effective by enhancing dietary behaviour within 8 weeks. Nurses should apply this program with older adults with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes to enhance their dietary behavior.
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