A Causal Model of Two-hour Postprandial Blood Glucose among Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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Abstract
Purpose: This research aimed to examine the causal model of severity of condition, self-efficacy, social support, and self-management affecting two-hour postprandial blood glucose among women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Design: Causal model design.
Methods: Participants were 174 women with gestational diabetes mellitus recruited through a systematic sampling technique. Data were collected using the general information form, self-efficacy questionnaire, social support questionnaire, and self-management questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and path analysis were used for data analysis.
Main findings: Causal relationship analysis revealed that severity of condition, social support, self-efficacy, and self-management explained 24.9% of the variance in pregnant women’s two-hour postprandial blood glucose (R2 = .249). Overall fit of the reduced model was acceptable (2 = 8.64, df = 4, p = .07;
2/df = 2.16; CFI =.99; GFI = .98; AGFI = .93; RMSEA = .08). Self-management had a negative direct effect on women’s two-hour postprandial blood glucose (β = - .50, p < .001). Self-efficacy had a positive direct effect on their self-management (β = .63, p < .001). Furthermore, social support had a positive direct effect on women’s self-efficacy and self-management (β = .52, p < .001; β = .26, p < .001, respectively). Severity of condition had a negative direct effect on their self-efficacy (β = - .25, p < .001).
Conclusion and recommendations: Self-efficacy and social support had positive direct effect on women’s self-management and then negative indirect effect on their two-hour postprandial blood glucose via self-management. Therefore, nurses and other healthcare providers could create a model to support self-management for controlling the normal blood glucose level in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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